D´Economía

The Environmental Kuznets Curve and The Panamanian Economy (1990 - 2019)

Juan Antonio Jované De Puy — 2025-01-20

The investigation is dedicated to studying whether or not the presence of the so-called phenomenon of the well-known Environmental Kutznets Curve can be verified for the period 1990 – 2019 in Panamá. For this purpose, the various theoretical positions that exist regarding it are analyzed. In the specific analysis, starting from the hypothesis that there is no robust evidence to accept its presence in our country, an econometric analysis is carried out that allows us to point out that our hypothesis cannot be falsified.

Evolution of final demand components in the Panamanian economy

Reyes Arturo Valverde Batista — 2025-01-20

It is important to note that the final demand components are crucial to measure the growth of the Gross Domestic Product, so the objective of this research is to quantify the quarterly and annual contribution of private consumption, public consumption, gross capital formation and the external sector. In the methodology adopted, the application of input-output tables is intertwined with regard to the estimation of the components of final demand in domestic terms; with valuation techniques whose purpose is to achieve its evolution in terms of its quarterly and annual growth; at the same time to obtain the respective contributions of the final demand components.

The results show that the Panamanian economy is in the process of stabilization, by getting gross capital formation to return to the pre-pandemic position and strongly boost the growth of the Gross Domestic Product; at the same time as changing the trend in favor of the external sector, mainly by exports of services resulting from the expansion of the Panama Canal; All this displaces the position of international organizations that project a growth of 2.5% downwards.

Importance Of Preserving the Modern Architectural Language of The Faculty of Economics Linked to Its Growth

Rolando Gordón — 2025-01-20

The article addresses a conceptual architectural proposal for the Faculty of Economics at the University of Panama, consisting of a new two-story building, suited to the growing demand for graduate and continuing education offerings at the Faculty. However, the design presents a degree of complexity because it must meet the functionality and service expected of the Faculty's professionals and at the same time preserve the architectural language of the modern movement present in the Faculty's buildings dating back to the 20th century (1953).

Because the importance of preserving architectural monuments is often underestimated, the crucial role of such conservation is analyzed, which goes beyond the simple preservation of physical structures, but involves evoking the foundational, historical and cultural background that the buildings represent, so that this legacy remains in future generations of economic science professionals.

Reflections on The Forum Planning Adaptation to Climate Change with The Academy and Civil Society

Ignacio Rodríguez — 2025-01-20

We present some brief epistemic reflections from the complex thinking of the researchers of the Research Center of the Faculty of Economics as a key actors in the forum of the National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change Project of Panama (NAP Panama), established by the Ministry of Environment and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), a forum to discuss strategies for adaptation to climate change, bringing together academics, representatives of civil society and other key actors.

This essay brings together economic, environmental and social elements in reference to the challenges of climate change, adaptation and mitigation, greenhouse effect, climate systems and global warming, the need for inclusive policies and community participation. It also calls for strengthening collaboration between all sectors to implement effective measures but noting some relevant considerations.

Economic Indicators and Human Well-Being

Maribel Gordón Calderón — 2025-01-20

This article provides a description and ordering of the current debate on the relevance of economic indicators to determine the current state of the tangible social reality. It begins by establishing the theories that identify the origin of economic measurement and its typologies. It continues with the criticism of the methodologies to measure the main indicators, including unlimited economic growth to achieve development in an economy and as a tool to measure the well-being of society.

In this criticism arises the proposal of the economic reductionism of neoliberal economic policy, which has focused economic action on the market, on individualism; Consequently, reducing human beings from “humans” to “customers”. It concludes by presenting new proposals, in debate, of measurement presented in two perspectives: adjusting-correcting traditional indicators or discarding the use of traditional indicators.

In summary, the article primarily analyzes the theoretical-practical currents that support the approach, the elements that mark the criticism, the social and academic actors involved and the proposed solutions currently under debate.

Assessing the Impact of Blockchain and Security in the Financial Sector of Panama

José Corro — 2025-01-20

Understanding that blockchain technology is a decentralized digital record of transactions shared among a network that is immutable or unchangeable, with the objective of increasing trust, security, transparency and traceability of shared data in an enterprise network, increasing cost savings thanks to its new efficiencies. Blockchain technology can benefit many sectors, such as financial services and banking, mainly in the increasingly evolved world of cryptocurrencies, where traceability and authenticity are essential. However, it can also be useful in other sectors, such as retail and logistics in general.

Therefore, the objective of this article is to examine the impact of blockchain technology in improving transparency and security in the financial sector in Panama, as it has a unique potential to revolutionize the financial sector. This has led some to ask: What are the alternatives?.

Transformational Leadership for the development of organizations

Gabriel Pascual Del Rosario — 2025-01-20

This research presents a conceptual qualitative review and analysis of various literatures or scientific publications, among other authors, which provide (epistemological) explanations on the understanding of transformational leadership in the process of leading organizations towards change and innovation in a globalized world of universal dynamism, where a new management style prevails, with a new leadership style capable of transforming the philosophy of the organization.

In this sense, the research carried out on transformational leadership guides us to establish advantageous reasons as inspiring elements, capable of responding to the needs for the development of organizations that tend to be increasingly complex. The aim is to establish a constructive and reflective analysis of the dimensions that make up transformational leadership within the framework of a new organizational culture, taking into account the variables of efficiency - effectiveness and leadership - integral and capacity -, in the dynamics of the interrelations - leader and group - that occur in the organizational context.

Risk rating, investment grade and its Repercussions on the Finance of the Republic of Panama

Carlos Godoy — 2025-01-20

This research is an effort to present a summary of the risk assessment in the last five years as a result of the management of Panamanian public finances and the repercussions that could occur in the short and medium term if corrective measures are not made in a timely manner. At the end of 2024, the different risk rating companies could be presenting the evaluation of the credit solvency of our country which within the different scenarios is considered in at least one of the three reference rating agencies that the country could be very close to losing the investment grade.

This entails that important adjustments must be made in the management of public finances, the management of state collections, a significant reduction in subsidies and tax incentives, spending containment, the reform of social security, among other aspects for the year 2025, which would reduce the dynamism of the current government management.

Linking Social Statistics to Human Development

Marcelo Arauz M. — 2025-01-20

Through this article we provide elements to establish that the discipline of Statistics has been closely linked to the development of humanity. It will be demonstrated, step by step, how it has supported everything that, to this day, has been achieved by human beings, whose innate dynamics, that is, their implicit behavior, is defined as a research process that seeks to find the answers to what they do not understand.

This research process, which has been accompanying human beings since time immemorial, is not over yet. The truth is that there are still so many thousands of elements within this current world that have not yet found an answer. This phenomenon is what has accompanied human beings from the beginning of time to the present day and, in parallel to this, has made the collection of information, for its processing and analysis, closely linked to this discipline, today called Economic and Social Statistics.

Economic Reactivation and Bank Credit in The Province of Coclé 2019-2023

Edwin A. Tuñón — 2025-01-20

This article analyzes the economic reactivation in the province of Coclé, Panama, from 2019 to 2023, with a particular focus on the role of bank credit. Through a mixed methodological approach that includes quantitative and qualitative analysis, the annual reports of the aforementioned years are examined, which includes the vision of Coclé 2040-2050 in addition to the financing programs implemented, their impact on micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. companies (MSMEs) and the challenges faced in the execution of projects. The findings indicate that, although there has been significant growth in credit placement, structural obstacles persist that limit the potential for sustained economic development.

Editorial

Ana E. Patiño Martínez — 2025-01-20