Cátedra

Presentación

Olmedo Beluche — 2024-08-16

The Patrimonial State

Patricia Pizzurno — 2024-08-16

Lecture given at the History Seminar: “Electoral processes and coups d'état in Panama, 20th and 21st centuries.” University of Panama, February 20, 2024.

From the Thompson-Urrutia Treaty to the Victoria-Vélez Treaty

Javier José Muñoz Villarreal — 2024-08-16

The purpose of this article is to analyze how the United States took the right, unilaterally, to negotiate the border limit of Panama with Colombia during the second and third decade of the 20th century, ultimately affecting Panama's sovereign right to negotiate on the establishment and demarcation of its border with Colombia. The imperialist interference of the United States in the delimitation of Panama's border with Colombia constituted a violation of the sovereignty and self-determination of Panama as a sovereign state to decide on matters as important and transcendental as the negotiation and establishment of its borders. It constitutes another example of how the foreign policy of the United States shapes the Latin American scenario according to its needs, whims or priorities, as constituted by the diplomatic reconciliation with Colombia following the independence of Panama in November 1903. Reconciliation that had as a background that of being able to access Colombian natural resources, such as the recent oil reserves discovered in Colombia and that represented a vital resource. for the continued imperialist expansion of the northern colossus.

The Approach to Temporal Concepts to Understand Historical Time, A Contribution to Improve the Teaching of History from Textbooks

Néstor A. Sánchez Gómez — 2024-08-16

The present research covers the line of history teaching. Line developed from investigative reflection on how temporality and the basic ideas of historical time are acquired and constructed in children, adolescents, and young people. Despite research on temporality and the teaching of history, it is not an exhausted topic (Santisteban 2007, p. 87), much less in our country, whose journey is squalid. The purpose is to propose the approach and management of temporal concepts, typical of historical time, in students from the seventh grade so that they generate historical skills or competencies (Santisteban, 2010, p. 34), related to temporality and historical consciousness in their formation of future citizens, who can understand their present, value and interpret their past and build a future as an individual and members of society. In this sense, a proposal of suggestions is made on the approach to temporal concepts, as a result of the revaluation of the epistemological content of the Departmental period of the history books of Panama of the seventh level of pre-media of public education and related documents, with a view to improve the teaching act around the teaching of history.

Darién

Víctor Ortiz — 2024-08-16

During the 19th century, scientific expeditions funded by European institutions and governments contributed to the expansion of knowledge, transforming and improving the understanding of the world. An example of this would be the contributions of Alexander Von Humboldt in America. These expeditions explored geographical diversity and collected data on natural resources. But beyond the technical aspect, documents were produced that recorded geographical and natural resources as well as ethnic and cultural diversity. In the specific case of the Isthmus of Panama, they focused on the possibility of building an interoceanic canal.

A Country Without Blacks

Luis Pulido Ritter — 2024-08-16

This text is an approach to the representation of the Afro-Panamanian population in the country's visual arts. Faced with a rather conservative environment in the artistic field, dominated by portraiture in the 19th century, representing black people was mainly done by traveling artists who passed through Panama. This exclusion from representation ends with the murals of Van Ingen, in the old Canal Zone, and the photographs of Carlos Endara, which were the avant-garde in the country at the beginning of the 20th century. But it is, in the second half of the 20th century, when young artists come to represent the Afro and indigenous population, already emancipated from the romantic masters of national painting.

Perception of Students and English Teacher Coordinators on the English Proficiency Exam at the University of Panama

Fátima Rosas — 2024-08-16

Perception of students and English exam coordinators regarding the English Proficiency Exam at the University of Panama. The perception of students and exam coordinators at the University of Panama regarding the current English proficiency exam is relevant to the success of the English certification program. The objective of this research is to determine whether this test should be updated to ensure that students at the University of Panama meet the graduation requirements for current degree programs. The research is descriptive, assessing perception through measuring frequencies and percentages, using data obtained from a questionnaire administered to the target population, and comparing responses on perceptions. The results demonstrate a significant agreement between the perceptions of students and exam coordinators regarding the need to update the English proficiency exam for degree completion. This implies that the current English proficiency exam at the University of Panama should be updated initially and subsequently, a design should be created under international assessment standards.

Context of the Common Core Curriculum in English at the University of Panama

Elías De León — 2024-08-16

The English Common Core course (NCIN, for its Spanish acronym) was developed as part of a project to enhance the quality of the University Panama's academic offerings considering the challenges of the 21st century. This study addresses the need to update the analytical program to fulfill the university updating policy and to keep pace with technological and social developments. The research methodology involves a quantitative, non-experimental design utilizing a purposeful sampling of active English Department professors for data collection through an anonymous survey using Microsoft Forms. The survey results validate reliability and positive connotations in the responses. The analysis focuses on hypothesis testing using non-parametric tests, identifying sixteen preferred topics to be included in the updated NCIN analytical program. The findings highlight the relevance of considering student capabilities and the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) competencies.

Rhetorical Moves and Discursive Strategies in University Writing of Professional Letters

Luis Alfonso Pineda Rodríguez — 2024-08-16

This article seeks to demonstrate the utility and pertinence of the rhetorical moves outline for the linguistic description, teaching and learning of professional letters, common discourse genres in the professional scope. Through the study of a corpus of 125 Job application letters written by Operations and Logistics Engineering students of Universidad de Panamá, all of them based in a model. In this corpus, rhetorical moves and discursive strategies in the letters were identified and described, then these were compared with the rhetorical model and the proportion of letters which followed it and, therefore, achieved their communicative purposes, was stablished. Based on the results, it could be observed that a 79% of the letters of the corpus followed the model, thus, the differences in their quality were detected in the discourse strategies within the moves. It can be concluded that following the moves model allowed the students to focus in producing letters of better quality with the possibility of achieving their communicative purpose in a real professional context. These results prove that the proposed model is valid to explain, teach and learn the peculiarities of the language and communication of the different professional cultures of the modern human activities.

The Linguistic Displacement of Ngäbere in favor of Spanish in the Life Stories of Ngäbe students at the School of Spanish at the University of Panama

Diameya Domínguez Córdoba — 2024-08-16

The present study deals with linguistic displacement in six first-time bilingual Ngäbere-Spanish students at the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Panama. The methodology is based on a semi-structured interview (sociolinguistic history) that served as a guide in the conversation and which gave an account of how the two languages have been handled in their family life, community, school and work. In this way, the research exercise presented here aims to interpret the mobility of the Ngäbere language towards the dominant language, Spanish. The theorists who will serve as a basis for this work are: Zimmermann (1995), Thomason 2001, Thomason and Kaufman 1998. Appel and Muysken (1996), Tsunoda (2004) Moreno Cabrera (2010). The results reveal sociolinguistic differences in relation to age, education, use of one language or another, depending on the communicative context.

Proposal for the analysis of a social conversation

Aura Esther Gibbs — 2024-08-16

The proposal for the analysis of a social conversation aims to demonstrate the linguistic and communicative richness that an elderly couple of a low sociocultural level has, that is, humble people, with little education, only primary school. In the analyzed conversation, the theories and rules for conversational analysis proposed by renowned linguists, philosophers and communication scientists such as Peter Trudgill (1978), Verderber (200), Berlo (1980), Kent Bach & Robert Harnish (1979), Herbert Grice, Harvey Sacks, Emmanuel Schegloff & Gail Jefferson (1974), Lars Andersson (1990) are applied. and Teun van Dijk. The complete conversation is presented so that the registers, the linguistic richness, the elements of communication, the characteristics of the conversational rules, the principles or maxims of Grice can be appreciated, of which only the maxim of quality and the of Bach and Harnish, it can be seen that it complies with that of morality, and sometimes with that of civility, a system of dramatic transcription; In the turn assignment model, only two elements of the topic in the conversation are met, it is observed that there is a mixture in the structure of the discourse; Few discourse markers were used and expletives predominated in the use of swear words or blasphemies.

The Juan Díaz river basin

Azael Carrera — 2024-08-16

The article aims to relate the urban development model implemented in Panama with the changes experienced in the Juan Díaz River Basin. The urban disorder, the depredation of the environment and its direct consequence for the population, the flooding in the middle and lower reaches, is the product of leaving to the free forces of the market, the organization of a territory that produces it under capitalist logic: the obtaining always the maximum profit.

The Control of Goods in Central American Intraregional Trade Within the Framework of Community Law

Juan Pablo García Farinoni — 2024-08-16

This analysis explains the aspects that are incorporated in the control of merchandise at the level of Central American regional trade in accordance with the new provisions established by the framework of community law and governance in the generation of public policies from the spaces of the economic subsystem that guarantee the security of trade and the fluidity of transit in the intraregional supply chain. The analysis is descriptive with a mixed approach. It seeks to describe the harmonized controls for the marketing of merchandise and the institutions of the subsystem that regulate the guidelines on security in the supply chain and also establishes the future challenges involved in the process based on the analysis of documents and statistical data. From the analysis, it is concluded that in terms of the Republic of Panama, the main challenge for the control of merchandise within the economic integration process is the progress in the exchange of information between the State parties, the establishment of common rules and parameters in the definition of risk alerts, as well as the activation of intelligence data on goods and economic agents.

Relational Sociology to Overcome Codeterminisms

Javier Torres Vindas — 2024-08-16

In this academic essay, a reading of Relational Sociology is carried out, anchored in the work of three of its main figures: Archer, Emirbayer and Donati; whose purpose is to show the nuances of these authors when presenting this sociological perspective and the bets made to overcome the codeterminisms typical of traditional sociological analysis. The discussion of the ontological and epistemological problem, the authors' bets are presented and the analytical result of the exercise is condensed at the end.

Reflections on the Intrasubjectivity and Intersubjectivity of Globalization in Contemporary Societies

Jesús Antonio Bonilla De Gracia — 2024-08-16

The subjectivities of globalization, cultural transformations, migration processes and environmental crises of contemporary societies are analyzed. The question arises: how have globalization processes influenced the subjectivities of cultural transformations in contemporary societies? The main purpose of the article was to make general reflections on the processes of globalization to understand the importance of the production of subjectivities in the cultural transformations of contemporary societies. A critical investigation was used with the technique of narrative discourse analysis. The results showed that globalization processes can be related to changes in the subjectivities of cultural transformations. The discourses of global subjectivities deserve the attention of subjects, institutions, families and societies to produce new adaptations to new habits of sustainable living.

Technological Appropriation by University Students: The Case of the University of Panama

Mario Enrique De León — 2024-08-16

In the present study, the relationship between the forms of capital, the habitus and the technological assets of the university field in the process of technological appropriation of natural and social sciences students was analyzed. To do this, first the volume and variety of economic, cultural, social, political and technological capital of university students was measured by applying a questionnaire. This was done to understand the synchronous structure of the field (the position system). In this same process, the level of relevance that students give to technological capital based on their academic or professional development was investigated. This is also to know the regularities or irregularities of the habitus (subjective structure) of the students. Whether or not it certainly fit the position they occupied in the structure of the university field. In a second moment, the availability of technological goods by area of study in the university field was compared and it was reviewed whether these capitals are part of the analytical program of each of the selected careers. This other instance was carried out to know the technological conditions of the field in which the population under study is located. This research was built on the basis of the theoretical-methodological proposal of the Economics of Social Practices of Pierre Bourdieu.

Library Science Research and Information Science

María Crescencia Murillo H — 2024-08-16

This essay is characterized by presenting an analysis in Library Research and Information Science, it begins a structure arguing in Library Research as a subject, its main objective focuses on the student with the purpose of seeing library science and the science of information not only as a profession, but also as a scientific discipline that guides and stimulates research, at the same time contributes to the formation of research, the discipline and the profession, in Librarianship as a Social Science: Librarianship or Library Science , in the definitions of different authors in Information Science, in Information Sciences, finally in the Competencies of the professional in Library Science and Information Science.