Aspectos relevantes sobre Toxoplasma gondii y su diversidad genética en animales silvestres

Héctor J. Cruz De G.

doi:10.48204/j.vian.v8n1.a5223

Enviado junio 17, 2024

Publicado 2024-06-28

Artículos

Vol. 8 Núm. 1 (2024): Visión Antataura

Aspectos relevantes sobre Toxoplasma gondii y su diversidad genética en animales silvestres

Héctor J. Cruz De G.⁺⁻

DOI https://doi.org/10.48204/j.vian.v8n1.a5223

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DOI: 10.48204/j.vian.v8n1.a5223

Publicado: 2024-06-28

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Cruz De G., H. J. (2024). Aspectos relevantes sobre Toxoplasma gondii y su diversidad genética en animales silvestres. Visión Antataura, 8(1), 22–36. https://doi.org/10.48204/j.vian.v8n1.a5223

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Toxoplasma gondii es un parásito intracelular obligado de alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, presenta una gran diversidad genética, característica que le permite poder infectar a una gran variedad de hospederos como aves, reptiles y mamíferos, incluidos los humanos. La principal forma de transmisión es a través de la ingesta de quistes tisulares y ooquistes contenidos en los alimentos poco cocidos. Diversos estudios han indicado que a parte de lo genotipos conocidos de T. gondii, existen cepas más agresivas del parásito conocidas como exóticas o atípicas, las cuales están relacionadas con infecciones más graves en los animales silvestres, lo que provoca la disminución de especies de importancia económica y cultural en muchos países. En esta revisión corta se utilizaron buscadores académicos de acceso abierto mediante el uso de palabras clave y páginas web relacionadas con estudios sobre la diversidad genética de T. gondii en animales silvestres.

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[1] Afonso, E., Thulliez, P., Pontier, D. y Gilot-Fromont, E. (2007). Toxoplasmosis in prey species and consequences for prevalence in feral cats: Not all prey species are equal. Parasitology, 134(14), 1963–1971. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182007003320

[2] Aguirre, A. A., Longcore, T., Barbieri, M., Dabritz, H., Hill, D., Klein, P. N., Lepczyk, C., Lilly, E. L., McLeod, R., Milcarsky, J., Murphy, C. E., Su, C., VanWormer, E., Yolken, R. y Sizemore, G. C. (2019). The One Health Approach to Toxoplasmosis: Epidemiology, Control, and Prevention Strategies. Ecohealth, 16(2), 378-390. https://doi.org/10.1007/ S10393-019-01405-7

[3] Ajzenberg, D., Bañuls, A. L., Su, C., Dumètre, A., Demar, M., Carme, B. y Dardé, M. L. (2004). Genetic diversity, clonality and sexuality in Toxoplasma gondii. International Journal for Parasitology, 34(10), 1185–1196. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJPARA.2004.06.007

[4] Attias, M., Teixeira, D. E., Benchimol, M., Vommaro, R. C., Crepaldi, P. H. y De Souza, W. (2020). The life-cycle of Toxoplasma gondii reviewed using animations. Parasites y Vectors, 13(1), 588-599. https://doi.org/10.1186/S13071-020-04445-Z

[5] Bertranpetit, E., Jombart, T., Paradis, E., Pena, H., Dubey, J., Su, C., Mercier, A., Devillard, S. y Ajzenberg, D. (2017). Phylogeography of Toxoplasma gondii points to a South American origin. Infection, Genetics and Evolution: Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases, 48, 150–155. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/J.MEEGID.2016.12.020

[6] Conrad, P. A., Miller, M. A., Kreuder, C., James, E. R., Mazet, J., Dabritz, H., Jessup, D. A., Gulland, F. y Grigg, M. E. (2005). Transmission of Toxoplasma: Clues from the study of sea otters as sentinels of Toxoplasma gondii flow into the marine environment. International Journal for Parasitology, 35(11–12), 1155–1168. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.07.002

[7] Correa, R., Cedeño, I., de Escobar, C. y Fuentes, I. (2008). Increased urban seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infecting swine in Panama. Veterinary Parasitology, 153(1–2), 9–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.01.017

[8] Cortés, A. y Aguirre, N. (2018). Toxoplasmosis aguda diseminada fatal en una paciente adulta inmunocompetente proveniente del Pacífico colombiano. https:// docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2019/03/974002/toxoplasmosis-aguda-diseminada-fatal.pdf

[9] Coupe, A., Howe, L., Shapiro, K. y Roe, W. D. (2019). Comparison of PCR assays to detect Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in green-lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus). Parasitology Research, 118(8), 2389–2398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06357-z

[10] Dabritz, H. A., Miller, M. A., Gardner, I. A., Packham, A. E., Atwill, E. R. y Conrad, P. A. (2008). Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Rodents from Central Coastal California and a Review of T. gondii Prevalence in Rodents. Journal of Parasitology, 94(3), 675–683. https://doi.org/10.1645/ge-1342.

[11] Demar, M., Ajzenberg, D., Maubon, D., Djossou, F., Panchoe, D., Punwasi, W., Valery, N., Peneau, C., Daigre, J. L., Aznar, C., Cottrelle, B., Terzan, L., Dardé, M. L. y Carme, B. (2007). Fatal outbreak of human toxoplasmosis along the Maroni River: Epidemiological, clinical, and parasitological aspects. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 45(7), e88–e95. https://doi.org/10.1086/521246/2/45-7-E88-TBL004.GIF

[12] Dubey, J. P. (1998). Advances in the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii. International Journal for Parasitology, 28(7), 1019–1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00023-X

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