The modeling of habitat characteristics and potential distribution of species is a very useful tool for the implementation of management and conservation plans. These techniques can be developed through the application of Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing data. Were used distribution data field of “Cuban black hawk”, Buteogallus gundlachii, an endemic raptor of Cuba with a restricted distribution, as well as satellite information from a Landsat image of 2009. This species was used as a modeling theoretical-demonstrative example. Were explained the data collection features of species presence and eco-geographical variables selection for modeling by Ecological Niche Factor Analysis. Were calculated and interpreted the marginality and specialization coefficients. Finally, were discussed the advantages and limitations of methods that use only presence data and that need presence/absence data.