The Azuero region, located in the provinces of Los Santos and Herrera (Panama), is facing a severe water crisis caused by the contamination of the La Villa River, the main source of drinking water in the area. Major sources of pollution include waste from pig farming, leachate from open-air landfills, untreated domestic discharges, and fecal and microbiological contamination. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Azuero’s population regarding this environmental issue.
A descriptive quantitative approach was used through a structured survey administered via Google Forms to a sample of 381 participants selected according to defined inclusion criteria. Results show a high level of concern: 85% attribute the contamination to pig farms and dumpsites, 74% identify effects such as drinking water shortages and mistrust in water quality, and 48% believe that full recovery of the river is unlikely. These findings highlight the need to strengthen environmental education and integrated water resource management, promoting citizen awareness and community participation to ensure the sustainability of the La Villa River.
