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Abnormal accumulation of ?-amyloid (A?), hyperphosphorylated tau protein, and neuroinflammation are factors that affect neuronal function in Alzheimer´s Disease (AD). AD-associated neuroinflammation could cause synaptic damage itself or exacerbate the damage caused by A? accumulation. The cytokine CCL1 (I-309) has been detected increased in the peripheral blood serum of people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD, so it is proposed that it may be useful as a biomarker for the diagnosis of MCI and AD. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of overexpression of the CCL1(I-309) in the dendritic spines of neurons located in the hippocampus. Sprague Dawley (N=6) were used as an animal model, in which stereotaxic surgeries were performed to inoculate CCL1 overexpression. Golgi staining was performed on the brains of the rats, a cryostat was used to make the histological sections and the density of dendritic spines was evaluated by optical microscopy. The one-way ANOVA did not show significant differences (p>0.05) between the CCL1 overexpression group when compared to the control group and the A?1-42+ CCL1 overexpression group. It was concluded that CCL1 overexpression does not significantly modify the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampus.