Transición al ejercicio profesional y afrontamiento en enfermeras noveles: revisión narrativa con aproximación psicoeducativa

Danielly L. Villarreal S.; Irma Escudero

doi:10.48204/j.vian.v10n1.a10170

Enviado junio 11, 2026

Publicado 2026-06-29

Artículos

Vol. 10 Núm. 1 (2026): Visión Antataura

Transición al ejercicio profesional y afrontamiento en enfermeras noveles: revisión narrativa con aproximación psicoeducativa

Danielly L. Villarreal S.⁺⁻
Irma Escudero⁺⁻

DOI https://doi.org/10.48204/j.vian.v10n1.a10170

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DOI: 10.48204/j.vian.v10n1.a10170

Publicado: 2026-06-29

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Villarreal S., D. L., & Escudero, I. (2026). Transición al ejercicio profesional y afrontamiento en enfermeras noveles: revisión narrativa con aproximación psicoeducativa. Visión Antataura, 10(1), 147–167. https://doi.org/10.48204/j.vian.v10n1.a10170

Derechos de autor 2026 Visión Antataura

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Resumen

Las enfermeras recién graduadas pasan por un período de transición que implica un proceso complejo caracterizado por importantes demandas emocionales, adaptación al entorno laboral y el desarrollo de competencias profesionales. El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar la evidencia científica sobre la transición profesional y el afrontamiento en enfermeras noveles. Se realizó una revisión narrativa en bases de datos como PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo y Google Académico, incluyendo estudios publicados entre 2021 y 2026. De 70 artículos identificados, 29 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión para el análisis. Con el propósito de contextualizar los hallazgos de la revisión, se incorporó una experiencia psicoeducativa desarrollada durante ocho semanas en un hospital de la provincia de Herrera, Panamá, dirigida a 10 enfermeras noveles, de las cuales 8 completaron la intervención. Los resultados de la revisión evidencian estresores emocionales, organizacionales e interpersonales, destacándose la exposición al sufrimiento del paciente, la carga laboral y la inseguridad en la toma de decisiones. Asimismo, las estrategias de afrontamiento más efectivas incluyen la resolución de problemas y el apoyo social. Los resultados de la experiencia psicoeducativa coincidieron con la literatura revisada, identificándose el sufrimiento del paciente como uno de los principales factores generadores de estrés. Se concluye que el fortalecimiento de las estrategias de afrontamiento, junto con el apoyo institucional y los programas de acompañamiento, constituye un elemento clave para facilitar la adaptación, mejorar el bienestar emocional y promover la calidad del cuidado de enfermería durante la transición de la enfermera novel.

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Akomeng A., S., Corneau, K., & Duchscher, J. E. (2025). Professional role transition in nursing: Leveraging transition theory to mitigate the current human resource crises. Healthcare, 13(6), 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13060671
Arias H., M. M., Marrero G.., C. M., & García H., A. M. (2021). De estudiante de enfermería de la Universidad de la Laguna a enfermera en tiempos de COVID-19: Estudio exploratorio. Revista Cuidar, 1, 27–36. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cuidar.2021.01.03
Arias H., M. M., Marrero G., C. M., & García H., A. M. (2022). La incorporación laboral de las enfermeras recién tituladas en la Universidad de La Laguna en tiempos de pandemia. Estudio fenomenológico descriptivo. Revista Cuidar, 2, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cuidar.2022.02.03
Asseiri, W., Reis, J., Omura, M., & Hutton, A. (2025). The experience of transition from student nurse to registered nurse among newly graduated nurses in the paediatric setting: An integrative literature review. Nurse Education in Practice, 83, 104252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104252
Bani, M., Russo, S., Cardinale, C., Ardenghi, S., Rampoldi, G., Luciani, M., Ausili, D., Di Mauro, S., & Strepparava, M. G. (2023). Jumping into the COVID-19 arena: The professional transition into clinical practice of new graduate nurses in Italy at time of COVID-19. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32(13–14), 3898–3908. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16554
Casella, G., Beretta, M., Costa, F., Opizzi, D., Pompini, P., Posla, S., Sanfratello, R., Guasconi, M., & Merlini, C. (2023). Experiences of newly hired nurses during the COVID-19 emergency: Descriptive qualitative research. Acta Biomedica, 94(3). https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v94i3.14343
Chen, F., Liu, Y., Wang, X., & Dong, H. (2021). Transition shock, preceptor support and nursing competency among newly graduated registered nurses: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 102, 104891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104891
Choi, Y.-J., Namgung, H.-I., Song, H., Lee, N. R., & Cerveny, M. (2025). Blooming as a new nurse amid trials and uncertainty: A qualitative content analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 2025, Article 5401225. https://doi.org/10.1155/jonm/5401225
Cordon, C., Dlugosz, D., Lopez, L., Gelacio, R., Smith-Eivemark, K., Maier, S., Ginzburg, A., Hua, K., Williams, D., & Irwin, T. (2025). Supporting novice nurses’ transition to independent practice: Evaluation of the TIPS program using the Kirkpatrick model. Nursing Reports, 15(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15020050
Cusack, L., Madsen, L., Duchscher, J. B., & You, W. (2025). Growth and adaptation of newly graduated nurses based on Duchscher’s stages of transition theory and transition shock model: A longitudinal quantitative study. Nursing Reports, 15(12), 437. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15120437
Duchscher, J. B. (2008). A process of becoming: The stages of new nursing graduate professional role transition. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 39(10), 441–450. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20081001-03
Duchscher, J.B. (2009). Transition shock: The initial stage of role adaptation for newly graduated registered nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(5), 1103–1113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04898.
Feng, L., Zeng, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2025). The relationship between transition shock and person-organization fit among newly graduated registered nurses in China: The mediating role of resilience. BMC Nursing, 24, 1481. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-04118-1
Galeano-Pupiales, I. E., Rodríguez-Plasencia, A., & Romero-Fernández, A. J. (2025). Factores que influyen en el desarrollo del síndrome burnout en profesionales de unidades de cuidados intensivos. Revista Arbitrada Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias de la Salud. Salud y Vida, 9(2), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.35381/s.v.v9i2.4740
Gusar, I., Peroš, E., Šare, S., & Ljubi?i?, M. (2023). Transition shock of newly employed nurses: A cross-sectional study. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 11(G), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11658
Gustafsson, T., & Hemberg, J. (2021). Compassion fatigue as bruises in the soul: A qualitative study on nurses. Nursing Ethics, 29(1), 157–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330211003215
Hansen, W., & Zuma, S. M. (2024). Operational managers’ perceptions of newly qualified professional nurses’ readiness for the professional role. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2024.100717
Ibrahim, R. K., Safi, M., Darwish, A., Alsalamah, Y. S., Babkair, L., Abdullahi, N. M., Maher, B., Alotaibi, M. N., Alfalaij, M. A., Alahmedi, S. H., Abdelaliem, S. M. F., & Hendy, A. (2025). From student to nurse: Exploring transition shock through stress, locus of control, and coping strategies in newly graduated nurses. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 957. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03315-6
Labrague, L. J. (2024). Relationship between transition shock in novice emergency room nurses, quality of nursing care, and adverse patient events: The mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Australasian Emergency Care, 27(1), 9–14.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2023.07.001
Lay, K. S. M., & Masingboon, K. (2025). Turnover prevalence and the relationship between transition shock and turnover intention among new nurses: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100390
Mazzella-Ebstein, A. M., Tan, K. S., Panageas, K. S., Arnetz, J. E., & Barton-Burke, M. (2021). The emotional intelligence, occupational stress, and coping characteristics by years of nursing experiences of newly hired oncology nurses. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8(4), 352–359. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon-2117
Melissant, H. C., Hendriks, R. R. A., Bakker, E. J. M., Kox, J. H. A. M., Rietveld, N., Miedema, H. S., Roelofs, P. D. D. M., & Verhaegh, K. J. (2024). Interventions that support novice nurses’ transition into practice: A realist review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 157, 104785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104785
Moon, S.-H., Jeong, H. W., & Jung, U. S. (2024). Exploring the impact of the mentoring new nurses for transition and empowerment program led by clinical nurse educators in South Korea: A mixed-methods study. Nurse Education Today, 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106251
Oviedo, A. D., Riquelme López, L. S., & Torres Hernández, E. A. (2023). Novice nurses and factors that influence job adaptation after incorporation into the world of work. Escola Anna Nery, 27. https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2022-0236en
Randall, P. S., De Gagne, J. C., Lee, E., Slack, J., Lee, Y., & Ledbetter, L. (2023). The experience of resilience in newly graduated nurses: A qualitative metasynthesis. Nurse Education in Practice, 70, 103681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103681
Raqueno, L., Rückholdt, M., Ndwiga, D. W., Gupta, M., & Raeburn, T. (2025). Peer support strategies for newly qualified nurses: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105145
Romero-Castillo, I., González-Pérez, S. O., Varela-Vega, E. M., Monterrey-Higuera, A. N., Guevara-Cano, D. A., Carrasquilla-Martínez, K., & Vargas-Escobar, L. M. (2024). Desafíos y oportunidades: Adaptación laboral del recién egresado de enfermería. Paradigmas Socio-Humanísticos, 6(2), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.26752/revistaparadigmassh.v6i2.732
Salas, F. G. (2025). El concepto de afrontamiento en psicología: Una reseña de sus particularidades. RevID, 12, 176–196. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=10481179
Stacey, G., Cook, G., Aubeeluck, A., Stranks, B., Long, L., Krepa, M., & Lucre, K. (2020). The implementation of resilience-based clinical support to support transition to practice in newly qualified healthcare professionals. Nurse Education Today, 94, 104564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104564
Tapia U., D. E., y Ríos A., G. S. (2025). Factores del talento humano y satisfacción del usuario en la gestión pública hospitalaria. Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, 29(especial), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.47460/uct.v29ispecial.952
Wang, Y., Liang, Y., Zheng, X., Zhang, X., & Feng, L. (2024). Exploring the genuine psychological experiences of novice nurses at emergency resuscitation events: A qualitative interview study. Heliyon, 10, e35153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35153
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2020). State of the world’s nursing 2020: Investing in education, jobs and leadership. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240003279
Wu, L., Hong, X., Liang, Y., Yan, X., & Gong, H. (2026). Stress coping and psychological resilience development in newly licensed registered nurses during the transition to independent ICU practice: A descriptive qualitative study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 19, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S569101
Xin, D., Li, W., Zhu, W., Li, M., Xu, N., Yue, L., Cui, L., & Wang, Y. (2024). Relationship between transition shock, resilience, career calling, and retention intention among new nurses: A moderated mediation model. BMC Nursing, 23, 873. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02555-y
Zakaria, N., Zakaria, N. H., Bin Abdul Rassip, M. N. A., & Lee, K. Y. (2022). Burnout and coping strategies among nurses in Malaysia: A national-level cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 12, e064687. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064687

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[1] Akomeng A., S., Corneau, K., & Duchscher, J. E. (2025). Professional role transition in nursing: Leveraging transition theory to mitigate the current human resource crises. Healthcare, 13(6), 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13060671

[2] Arias H., M. M., Marrero G.., C. M., & García H., A. M. (2021). De estudiante de enfermería de la Universidad de la Laguna a enfermera en tiempos de COVID-19: Estudio exploratorio. Revista Cuidar, 1, 27–36. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cuidar.2021.01.03

[3] Arias H., M. M., Marrero G., C. M., & García H., A. M. (2022). La incorporación laboral de las enfermeras recién tituladas en la Universidad de La Laguna en tiempos de pandemia. Estudio fenomenológico descriptivo. Revista Cuidar, 2, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cuidar.2022.02.03

[4] Asseiri, W., Reis, J., Omura, M., & Hutton, A. (2025). The experience of transition from student nurse to registered nurse among newly graduated nurses in the paediatric setting: An integrative literature review. Nurse Education in Practice, 83, 104252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104252

[5] Bani, M., Russo, S., Cardinale, C., Ardenghi, S., Rampoldi, G., Luciani, M., Ausili, D., Di Mauro, S., & Strepparava, M. G. (2023). Jumping into the COVID-19 arena: The professional transition into clinical practice of new graduate nurses in Italy at time of COVID-19. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32(13–14), 3898–3908. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16554

[6] Casella, G., Beretta, M., Costa, F., Opizzi, D., Pompini, P., Posla, S., Sanfratello, R., Guasconi, M., & Merlini, C. (2023). Experiences of newly hired nurses during the COVID-19 emergency: Descriptive qualitative research. Acta Biomedica, 94(3). https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v94i3.14343

[7] Chen, F., Liu, Y., Wang, X., & Dong, H. (2021). Transition shock, preceptor support and nursing competency among newly graduated registered nurses: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 102, 104891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104891

[8] Choi, Y.-J., Namgung, H.-I., Song, H., Lee, N. R., & Cerveny, M. (2025). Blooming as a new nurse amid trials and uncertainty: A qualitative content analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 2025, Article 5401225. https://doi.org/10.1155/jonm/5401225

[9] Cordon, C., Dlugosz, D., Lopez, L., Gelacio, R., Smith-Eivemark, K., Maier, S., Ginzburg, A., Hua, K., Williams, D., & Irwin, T. (2025). Supporting novice nurses’ transition to independent practice: Evaluation of the TIPS program using the Kirkpatrick model. Nursing Reports, 15(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15020050

[10] Cusack, L., Madsen, L., Duchscher, J. B., & You, W. (2025). Growth and adaptation of newly graduated nurses based on Duchscher’s stages of transition theory and transition shock model: A longitudinal quantitative study. Nursing Reports, 15(12), 437. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15120437

[11] Duchscher, J. B. (2008). A process of becoming: The stages of new nursing graduate professional role transition. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 39(10), 441–450. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20081001-03

[12] Duchscher, J.B. (2009). Transition shock: The initial stage of role adaptation for newly graduated registered nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(5), 1103–1113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04898.

[13] Feng, L., Zeng, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2025). The relationship between transition shock and person-organization fit among newly graduated registered nurses in China: The mediating role of resilience. BMC Nursing, 24, 1481. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-04118-1

[14] Galeano-Pupiales, I. E., Rodríguez-Plasencia, A., & Romero-Fernández, A. J. (2025). Factores que influyen en el desarrollo del síndrome burnout en profesionales de unidades de cuidados intensivos. Revista Arbitrada Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias de la Salud. Salud y Vida, 9(2), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.35381/s.v.v9i2.4740

[15] Gusar, I., Peroš, E., Šare, S., & Ljubi?i?, M. (2023). Transition shock of newly employed nurses: A cross-sectional study. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 11(G), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11658

[16] Gustafsson, T., & Hemberg, J. (2021). Compassion fatigue as bruises in the soul: A qualitative study on nurses. Nursing Ethics, 29(1), 157–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330211003215

[17] Hansen, W., & Zuma, S. M. (2024). Operational managers’ perceptions of newly qualified professional nurses’ readiness for the professional role. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2024.100717

[18] Ibrahim, R. K., Safi, M., Darwish, A., Alsalamah, Y. S., Babkair, L., Abdullahi, N. M., Maher, B., Alotaibi, M. N., Alfalaij, M. A., Alahmedi, S. H., Abdelaliem, S. M. F., & Hendy, A. (2025). From student to nurse: Exploring transition shock through stress, locus of control, and coping strategies in newly graduated nurses. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 957. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03315-6

[19] Labrague, L. J. (2024). Relationship between transition shock in novice emergency room nurses, quality of nursing care, and adverse patient events: The mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Australasian Emergency Care, 27(1), 9–14.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2023.07.001

[20] Lay, K. S. M., & Masingboon, K. (2025). Turnover prevalence and the relationship between transition shock and turnover intention among new nurses: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100390

[21] Mazzella-Ebstein, A. M., Tan, K. S., Panageas, K. S., Arnetz, J. E., & Barton-Burke, M. (2021). The emotional intelligence, occupational stress, and coping characteristics by years of nursing experiences of newly hired oncology nurses. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8(4), 352–359. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon-2117

[22] Melissant, H. C., Hendriks, R. R. A., Bakker, E. J. M., Kox, J. H. A. M., Rietveld, N., Miedema, H. S., Roelofs, P. D. D. M., & Verhaegh, K. J. (2024). Interventions that support novice nurses’ transition into practice: A realist review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 157, 104785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104785

[23] Moon, S.-H., Jeong, H. W., & Jung, U. S. (2024). Exploring the impact of the mentoring new nurses for transition and empowerment program led by clinical nurse educators in South Korea: A mixed-methods study. Nurse Education Today, 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106251

[24] Oviedo, A. D., Riquelme López, L. S., & Torres Hernández, E. A. (2023). Novice nurses and factors that influence job adaptation after incorporation into the world of work. Escola Anna Nery, 27. https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2022-0236en

[25] Randall, P. S., De Gagne, J. C., Lee, E., Slack, J., Lee, Y., & Ledbetter, L. (2023). The experience of resilience in newly graduated nurses: A qualitative metasynthesis. Nurse Education in Practice, 70, 103681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103681

[26] Raqueno, L., Rückholdt, M., Ndwiga, D. W., Gupta, M., & Raeburn, T. (2025). Peer support strategies for newly qualified nurses: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105145

[27] Romero-Castillo, I., González-Pérez, S. O., Varela-Vega, E. M., Monterrey-Higuera, A. N., Guevara-Cano, D. A., Carrasquilla-Martínez, K., & Vargas-Escobar, L. M. (2024). Desafíos y oportunidades: Adaptación laboral del recién egresado de enfermería. Paradigmas Socio-Humanísticos, 6(2), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.26752/revistaparadigmassh.v6i2.732

[28] Salas, F. G. (2025). El concepto de afrontamiento en psicología: Una reseña de sus particularidades. RevID, 12, 176–196. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=10481179

[29] Stacey, G., Cook, G., Aubeeluck, A., Stranks, B., Long, L., Krepa, M., & Lucre, K. (2020). The implementation of resilience-based clinical support to support transition to practice in newly qualified healthcare professionals. Nurse Education Today, 94, 104564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104564

[30] Tapia U., D. E., y Ríos A., G. S. (2025). Factores del talento humano y satisfacción del usuario en la gestión pública hospitalaria. Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, 29(especial), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.47460/uct.v29ispecial.952

[31] Wang, Y., Liang, Y., Zheng, X., Zhang, X., & Feng, L. (2024). Exploring the genuine psychological experiences of novice nurses at emergency resuscitation events: A qualitative interview study. Heliyon, 10, e35153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35153

[32] World Health Organization [WHO]. (2020). State of the world’s nursing 2020: Investing in education, jobs and leadership. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240003279

[33] Wu, L., Hong, X., Liang, Y., Yan, X., & Gong, H. (2026). Stress coping and psychological resilience development in newly licensed registered nurses during the transition to independent ICU practice: A descriptive qualitative study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 19, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S569101

[34] Xin, D., Li, W., Zhu, W., Li, M., Xu, N., Yue, L., Cui, L., & Wang, Y. (2024). Relationship between transition shock, resilience, career calling, and retention intention among new nurses: A moderated mediation model. BMC Nursing, 23, 873. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02555-y

[35] Zakaria, N., Zakaria, N. H., Bin Abdul Rassip, M. N. A., & Lee, K. Y. (2022). Burnout and coping strategies among nurses in Malaysia: A national-level cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 12, e064687. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064687

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