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In Panama, the labor rights of freedom of association and strike have historically been subject to regulation and protection by the legal system. However, the interaction of these rights with criminal law has generated various controversies and legal challenges. This article examines the way in which Panamanian criminal law affects the collective social rights, exploring both the existing legal restrictions and the doctrinal debates in this regard. It analyzes how criminal legislation is influential and necessary for the exercise of workers' freedom of association and strike. In addition, the compatibility of international regulations with local legal provisions in this area is addressed, highlighting the challenges of harmonization and effective application. This study offers an analytical perspective on the topic, proposing reflections for the future development of the criminal legal framework and the protection of labor rights in the Panamanian context.
