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This article discusses how tradition and modernity clash in the social sciences and humanities, including literature and linguistics, highlighting the ambiguity of the concept of national identity and everything it encompasses. The objective of this research is to analyze how language and literature can be used to forge national identity in the face of the pressures of modernity, through the recognition of certain discursive tactics that serve to preserve the cultural practices and customs of peoples and, above all, to preserve their history. This is a qualitative, documentary, and descriptive study. The results show how different authors give their assessments, from their definition of the concept of identity to the development of the ideas they hold on their positions, which manage to demonstrate that national identity is not something attributed to or exclusive to modernity, but rather has always been an unavoidable need for human beings to belong, to feel part of a locality where they converge, despite modernity's attempts to consider such structures as incoherent or outdated. It is concluded that the transience of these values and their transformations from their traditional conceptions are a latent example of the passage of changing cycles of thought towards new contextual realities. The humanistic social disciplines will witness the extent to which these values can be transformed or whether at some point there will be a change of course and a return, as Lope de Vega says, to the conception of the homeland, the nation, and national identity.
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