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Cultural identity is fundamental to understanding how societies construct a sense of belonging, shared values, and collective imaginaries. In this context, cinema has become an important medium of cultural representation capable of shaping social perceptions of reality through the dissemination of narratives and symbolic meanings. The aim of this study was to analyze the construction of cultural identity through American cinema during the 1930s and 1940s based on a documentary analysis supported by Molano's theory of cultural identity. A qualitative study with a descriptive and interpretative approach was conducted, based on a review of specialized literature and an analysis of the films Gone with the Wind (1939) and The Great Dictator (1940), selected for their representativeness of the historical and cultural contexts of their time. The findings showed that both films contributed to the construction of collective imaginaries related to historical memory, national identity, democracy, and the predominant values of American society. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that cinema functioned as a mechanism of cultural representation that strengthened the sense of belonging and disseminated narratives associated with the nation, citizenship, and freedom. It is concluded that American cinema of the 1930s and 1940s played a significant role in shaping cultural identity by reflecting and promoting values, symbols, and representations that consolidated collective imaginaries within a context marked by the Great Depression, social transformations, and international conflicts.
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