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The distribution of freshwater fish in a total of 15 riparian systems of the Darien National Park and areas of influence was studied. A total of four field trips were conducted in the areas of Pirre, Tuira-Chucunaque, and Garachine-Sambu from August 1997 to March 1999. Collections were made with the help of hammocks, hand nets, and cast nets, with a total of 776 individuals belonging to 48 species and 31 families of freshwater fish. 76,3 % of the total fish collected were primary fish (16 species in nine families). Seven species of secondary fish were found, mainly eartheaters and livebearers, as well as 23 species of peripheral fish. The most abundant and representative species of the different areas collected were the following: the sardines Psalidodon fasciatus and Astyanax ruberrimus in Pirre; the sardine Roeboides occidentalis in Tuira-Chucunaque, and the sardine Astyanax ruberrimus, the mountain mullet Dajaus monticola, the sleeper Gobiomorus maculatus and the river goby Awaous banana in Garachine-Sambu. Other species found in abundance and with a wide distribution were the sardine Cyphocharax magdalenae, the machacas Brycon striatulus and B. argenteus, the eartheaters Geophagus crassilabris and Darienheros calobrensis, the needlefish Ctenolucius beani and the armored catfish Chaetostoma fischeri. This study adds 31 new records for the Garachine-Sambu area and an expansion of the record for the Tuira basin in Pirre of the livebearer Poeciliopsis elongata. The study area contains seven freshwater fish considered endemic to the Panama Republic. It is reported that there is a total of 34 primary and secondary fish species of local importance in artisanal fisheries, as well as the existence of 28 species of importance for the aquarium industry and the presence of 10 taxa with aquaculture potential.
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