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Based on the growing interest and importance in academia and education of the early acquisition of language skills in the context of initial education. As a key component of the literacy process, due to its influence on subsequent learning to read and write. Given this link and the need to deepen the understanding of how phonological awareness develops in the early stages of education, the scientific community is increasingly interested in exploring this area of research. The present study has the following objectives: Analyze the initial level of phonological awareness in children of initial education, Examine the development of phonological awareness in children of initial education, specifically in preschool age, identify effective educational strategies to promote the development of phonological awareness. We carried out a longitudinal study of 15 teachers using standardized tests and also carried out an observation sheet in the classroom to evaluate the progress in phonological awareness throughout a school year of children in initial education. The result obtained, referring to the fact that literacy strategies are used to promote phonological awareness in the classroom, also 20% say they fully agree, and 20% prefer not to comment, and finally 40% say they agree. It is concluded that phonological awareness in young children is important to develop, since it provides a solid foundation for the reading and writing process and subsequent learning.