Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Científica Guacamaya
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In the first quarter of the 21st century, various conventional wars have generated profound political, humanitarian, and economic repercussions, directly affecting international trade and customs operations. Events such as the war in Afghanistan, the invasion of Iraq, and the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine have highlighted the vulnerability of trade routes and the growing instability of the global economic system.
This study aims to analyze customs operations based on the economic and social consequences of the most significant conventional wars of the period. It was developed using an exploratory qualitative approach, employing the hermeneutic method to examine online documentary sources. Four wars were selected through convenience sampling to identify their economic impacts and associated customs responses.
The results reveal significant economic disruptions: rising oil prices, food insecurity, blocked trade routes, destruction of strategic infrastructure, the imposition of international sanctions, and increased reliance on humanitarian aid. In the customs arena, the conflicts have prompted changes in risk profiles, strengthened controls, the creation of specialized units, updated regulations, and increased international cooperation to combat crimes such as arms trafficking and money laundering.
It is concluded that conventional wars produce multidimensional effects that transcend the borders of the States involved and place customs as essential actors for the protection of legitimate trade in contexts of instability.
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
