MUJER Y VIH/SIDA

Amalia Rodríguez French

Enviado julio 19, 2025

Publicado 2026-04-06

Artículos de Investigación

Vol. 13 (2000): Revista Médico Científica

MUJER Y VIH/SIDA

Amalia Rodríguez French⁺⁻

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DOI: ND

Publicado: 2026-04-06

Derechos de autor 2025 Revista médico científica

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Resumen

La mujer comprende el 40% de todos los casos de VIH/SIDA en el mundo en Panamá las mujeres son el 32% del total de casos. La mayoría de las mujeres se infectan por contacto heterosexual. Los factores de riesgo para esa transmisión heterosexual son la presencia de otra enfermedad de trasmisión sexual ulcerada o no, la falta de circuncisión en la pareja, la presencia de atopia cervical, las relaciones sexuales durante la menstruación, cargas vírales elevadas en el compañero sexual.

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Who report. The status and trends of Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic Final Report. Presented at the 12th International Conference on AIDS. Geneva, Switzerland, May 30-June 3, 1998.
Centers for Disease Control:Update: AIDS among women - United States. MMWR 1995; 44:81-84.
Informe del Ministerio de Salud, Panama., 1999.
Informe de la Caja del Seguro Social, Panamá, 1999.
Royce RA, Sena A, Cates W Jr., Caben MS. Sexual transmission of HIV.N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1072-8.
Nicolosi A, Correa C, Leite ML, et al. The efficiency of male-to-female and female to male sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus: A study of 730 stable couples. Epidemiology 1994; 5:570-575.
Moses S, Plummer FA. Bratley JE. et al: The association between lack of male circumcision and risk for HIV infection: a review of the epidemiological data. Sex Transm Dis 1994; 21:201-10.
Henin Y, Mandelbrut L. Henrion R. et al: Virus excretion in the cervicovaginal secretions of pregnant and non pregnant HIV infected women. I Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993; 6:72-5.
Soto-Ramirez LE. Renjis B. Mclane MF, et al: HIV-1 Langerhans' cell tropism associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV. Science 271:1291-1293,1996.
Warner SC, Hatcher RA: A meta-analisis of condom effectiveness in reducing sexually transmitted HIV. Soc Sci Med, 1993; 36: 1635-1644
Rosenberg MJ, Davidson Al, Chen J-H. et al: Barrier contraceptives and sexually transmitted disease in women: a comparison of female dependent methods and condoms: Am J Publ Health 1992; 82:669-674.
Zhu T, Wang N, Carr A, et al: Genetic characterization of HIV-1 in blood and genital secretions: evidence of viral compartmentalization and selection daring sexual transmission. J Virol 1996; 70:3098-3207.
Poss M, Martin HL, Kreiss JK. et al: Diversity in virus populations from genital and peripheral blood from women recently infected with HIV-1. J Virol 1995; 69:8118-8122.
Rich JD, Buck A. Tuomala RF. Kazanjian PH: Transmission of HIV infection presumed to occurred via female homosexual contact. Chin Iafect Dis 1993; 17:1003-5.
Monzon OT, Capellan JMB: Female to female transmission of HIV. Lancet 1987; 2:40-41.
Nasti G, Serraino D. Ridolio A. et at: AIDS associated Kaposi's Sarcoma is more aggressive in women: A study of 54 patients. J Acquir Immane Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1999; 20:337-341.
Lavreys L, Martin H. Manalliga K, et al: Primary HIV infection: Clinical manifestations among women in Mombasa, Kenya [Abstract 12186). 12 World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.
Carpenter CCJ, Mayer KH, Strin MD, et al: HIV infection in North American women: Experience with 200 cases and a review of the literature. Medicine 1991; 70:307-325.
Brettle RP, Leen CLS: The natural history of HIV and AIDS in women. AIDS 1991; 5:1283-1292.
Fang G, Burger H. Anastus K. et al: Complete HIV pol sequence in plasma and genital tract of women: genital reservoir and differential drug resistance [Abstract 32279]. 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.
Carpenter CCJ, Mayer K, Fisher A, et al: Natural history of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in women in Rhode Island. Am J Med 1987; 86:771-775.
Baker DA: Management of the female HIV infected patient. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994; 10935-938.
Rhoads J, Wright C Redfield RR, et al: Chronic vaginal candidiasis in women with immunodeficiency virus infection JAMA 1987: 257:3105-3107.
Duerr A, Sierra MF, Feldman J, et al: Immune compromise and prevalence of Candida vulvovaginitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women. Obstet Gynecol 1997; 90:252-256.
Duerr A: Gynecological conditions in HIV -positive women [Abstract 385]. 12th World AIDS Conference. Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.
Hoegsberg B, Abulafia O, Sedlis A, et al: Sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection among women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 163:1135-1139.
Barbosa C, Macasaet M. Brockmann S, et al: Pelvic inflammatory disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Obstet Gynecol 1997:89:65-70.
Rompalo AM, Astenborsky J, Klein RS, et al: Syphilis serologic patterns among women with or at risk for HIV [Abstract 468]. 6 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, III, 1999.
Palefsky JM, Minkoff H, Kalish LA, et al: Cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection in human inmunodeficiency virus-1 positive and high risk HIV-negative women. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:226-36.

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[1] Who report. The status and trends of Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic Final Report. Presented at the 12th International Conference on AIDS. Geneva, Switzerland, May 30-June 3, 1998.

[2] Centers for Disease Control:Update: AIDS among women - United States. MMWR 1995; 44:81-84.

[3] Informe del Ministerio de Salud, Panama., 1999.

[4] Informe de la Caja del Seguro Social, Panamá, 1999.

[5] Royce RA, Sena A, Cates W Jr., Caben MS. Sexual transmission of HIV.N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1072-8.

[6] Nicolosi A, Correa C, Leite ML, et al. The efficiency of male-to-female and female to male sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus: A study of 730 stable couples. Epidemiology 1994; 5:570-575.

[7] Moses S, Plummer FA. Bratley JE. et al: The association between lack of male circumcision and risk for HIV infection: a review of the epidemiological data. Sex Transm Dis 1994; 21:201-10.

[8] Henin Y, Mandelbrut L. Henrion R. et al: Virus excretion in the cervicovaginal secretions of pregnant and non pregnant HIV infected women. I Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993; 6:72-5.

[9] Soto-Ramirez LE. Renjis B. Mclane MF, et al: HIV-1 Langerhans' cell tropism associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV. Science 271:1291-1293,1996.

[10] Warner SC, Hatcher RA: A meta-analisis of condom effectiveness in reducing sexually transmitted HIV. Soc Sci Med, 1993; 36: 1635-1644

[11] Rosenberg MJ, Davidson Al, Chen J-H. et al: Barrier contraceptives and sexually transmitted disease in women: a comparison of female dependent methods and condoms: Am J Publ Health 1992; 82:669-674.

[12] Zhu T, Wang N, Carr A, et al: Genetic characterization of HIV-1 in blood and genital secretions: evidence of viral compartmentalization and selection daring sexual transmission. J Virol 1996; 70:3098-3207.

[13] Poss M, Martin HL, Kreiss JK. et al: Diversity in virus populations from genital and peripheral blood from women recently infected with HIV-1. J Virol 1995; 69:8118-8122.

[14] Rich JD, Buck A. Tuomala RF. Kazanjian PH: Transmission of HIV infection presumed to occurred via female homosexual contact. Chin Iafect Dis 1993; 17:1003-5.

[15] Monzon OT, Capellan JMB: Female to female transmission of HIV. Lancet 1987; 2:40-41.

[16] Nasti G, Serraino D. Ridolio A. et at: AIDS associated Kaposi's Sarcoma is more aggressive in women: A study of 54 patients. J Acquir Immane Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1999; 20:337-341.

[17] Lavreys L, Martin H. Manalliga K, et al: Primary HIV infection: Clinical manifestations among women in Mombasa, Kenya [Abstract 12186). 12 World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.

[18] Carpenter CCJ, Mayer KH, Strin MD, et al: HIV infection in North American women: Experience with 200 cases and a review of the literature. Medicine 1991; 70:307-325.

[19] Brettle RP, Leen CLS: The natural history of HIV and AIDS in women. AIDS 1991; 5:1283-1292.

[20] Fang G, Burger H. Anastus K. et al: Complete HIV pol sequence in plasma and genital tract of women: genital reservoir and differential drug resistance [Abstract 32279]. 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.

[21] Carpenter CCJ, Mayer K, Fisher A, et al: Natural history of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in women in Rhode Island. Am J Med 1987; 86:771-775.

[22] Baker DA: Management of the female HIV infected patient. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994; 10935-938.

[23] Rhoads J, Wright C Redfield RR, et al: Chronic vaginal candidiasis in women with immunodeficiency virus infection JAMA 1987: 257:3105-3107.

[24] Duerr A, Sierra MF, Feldman J, et al: Immune compromise and prevalence of Candida vulvovaginitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women. Obstet Gynecol 1997; 90:252-256.

[25] Duerr A: Gynecological conditions in HIV -positive women [Abstract 385]. 12th World AIDS Conference. Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.

[26] Hoegsberg B, Abulafia O, Sedlis A, et al: Sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection among women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 163:1135-1139.

[27] Barbosa C, Macasaet M. Brockmann S, et al: Pelvic inflammatory disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Obstet Gynecol 1997:89:65-70.

[28] Rompalo AM, Astenborsky J, Klein RS, et al: Syphilis serologic patterns among women with or at risk for HIV [Abstract 468]. 6 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, III, 1999.

[29] Palefsky JM, Minkoff H, Kalish LA, et al: Cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection in human inmunodeficiency virus-1 positive and high risk HIV-negative women. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:226-36.

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