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This essay analyzes the educational situation in Latin America, focusing on public education spending in Colombia and Mexico. It uses official data from organizations such as UNESCO and the OECD, as well as research reports and doctoral theses to assess the efficiency of public spending in these countries. The study addresses the characteristics, successes and challenges of education financing policies, with the aim of proposing improvements to raise the quality of education. It highlights the importance of equity and efficiency of public spending as key instruments to improve education in the region, providing an academic approach to address educational challenges in these two Latin American countries.