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This scientific article focuses on the use of satellite images, implementing the calculation of the normalized difference water index (NDWI) to highlight the body of water in the study area, analyzing pixel values ??taken from satellite images of the mission. Sentinel 2, to evaluate the change in the spectral signature of water in water masses such as rivers, bays and lakes. This method is particularly valuable for territories where water quality is of great importance, as it allows monitoring the impacts of unplanned urban growth. In this context, natural riparian vegetation is often affected, leading to pollution problems. A crucial case study is the Matías Hernández River, located in the middle of Panama City. This body of water has experienced significant degradation due to the lack of urban planning. In this study we have obtained, in most of the samples taken for the (NDWI), negative values ??that represent the absence of wet surfaces or water in season. dry and rainy, which is directly related to the width of the river and its shape, finding positive values ??without difficulty, in larger places such as the ocean. In the analysis to evaluate the contamination of the river with the water spectral signature interpretation graph, all the points returned values ??in the near-infrared and shortwave bands, values ??that should not have been presented; considering that the spectral curve of clean water is only shown in bands 2,3 and 4 of the Sentinel 2 images. Except for the point shown “ocean”, which was further into the sea and far from the mouth of the river.
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