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Artificial intelligence (AI) has established itself as a transformative factor in the labor sector, marking the beginning of what many call the "Fourth Industrial Revolution". This technological evolution has generated an intense debate about its impact on employment, raising crucial questions about whether AI will create more jobs than it eliminates and how job functions will be redefined.
This systematic review article focuses on analyzing the consequences of artificial intelligence in the labor market, examining how it affects job creation, destruction, and transformation, as well as the demands for new skills and working conditions. A systematic review study was designed, based on an analysis of eight relevant academic documents published between 2017 and 2025. The sources were selected and analyzed to provide a solid basis for understanding the multidimensional impacts of AI.
The main findings reveal that AI is reconfiguring labor operations, driving automation and efficiency, but also generating significant challenges such as potential staff displacement and the need to address ethical and data security considerations. The urgency of implementing adaptable educational systems that prepare the workforce for human-machine collaboration and new skill demands is highlighted. Likewise, the importance of establishing clear ethical rules and forward-looking governance policies, such as those being considered in the European Union, is emphasized to ensure that technological advancement is sustainable and equitable, benefiting everyone and safeguarding workers' rights in this era of profound transformations.
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
