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Chronic diseases are among the main public health challenges in Panama, affecting both patients’ quality of life and the sustainability of the healthcare system. Despite medical and pharmacological advances, poor therapeutic adherence remains a major barrier in treating conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Factors like lack of health education, self-medication, and limited involvement of pharmacists in healthcare teams worsen this issue. This study analyzes the impact of pharmaceutical care as a key strategy to improve treatment adherence and optimize clinical outcomes. Through a review of the literature and local experiences, structural, cultural, and regulatory barriers limiting its implementation are identified. The findings highlight the need for policies that strengthen the pharmacist’s role as an essential member of multidisciplinary healthcare teams, contributing to improved patient outcomes, reduced hospitalization rates, and enhanced efficiency of Panama’s healthcare system.
