ANEMIA HEMOLÍTICA AUTOINMUNE POR ANTICUERPOS CALIENTES: REPORTE DE CASO

Vileyis Barrios; José Miguel Cortés; Kayra McLean

Submitted October 27, 2024

Published 2026-04-06

Artículos de Investigación

Vol. 19 No. 2 (2006): Revista Médico Científica

AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA BY WARM ANTIBODIES: A CASE REPORT

Vileyis Barrios⁺⁻
José Miguel Cortés⁺⁻
Kayra McLean⁺⁻

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DOI: ND

Published: 2026-04-06

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Abstract

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia by warm antibodies is characterized by the presence of antibodies capable of acting against red blood cells. The most frequently observed type of antibody is IgG, which interacts better with red blood cells at a temperature of 37°C. This is the case of a 54 year-old female palient who for five months had been experiencing generalized weakness, exertional dyspnea, and generalized jaundice . Laboratory studies included: haemoglobin 3,5 g/dL: direct bilirubin 0,88 mgldL; indirect bilirubin 2,6 mgldL; total serum bilirubin 3,5 mgldL; lactate dehydrogenase 1016 UlL; positive direct Coombs test positive IgG antibodies. With these findings in mind, autoimmune hemolytic anemia by warm antibodies was díagnosed.

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References

Stahl D, Lacroix-Desmazes S, Heudes D, Mouthon L, Kaveri D, Kazatchkine M. Altered control of self-reactive IgG by autologous IgM in patients with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood. 2000; 95: 328-35.
Bunn F, Wendell R. Hemolytic anemias and acute blood loss. In: Braunwald, E, Hauser S, Fauci A, Longo D, Kasper D, Jameson J, editors. Harrison's Principies of Internal Medicine. Mexico: Mc Graw Hill; 2002. p. 807-18.
García K ,Arcay A, Lenny Ch, Laine L, Rojas V, Guinand R. Anemia hemolítica autoinmune idiomática. Index medico Journal [Publicado en 2004]. Disponible en: http://www.indexmedico.com/publicaciones/indexmedjournal/edicion10/anemia_hemolitica/garcia.htm
Mckenzie S. Hematología clinica. Segunda edición. Santa Fe de Bogotá- México DF: Manual Moderno; 2000. p.306-28.
Thomas A. Autoinmune hemolytic anemia. In: Lee R, Foester J, Lukens J, Paraskevas F, Greer J, Rodgers G, editors. Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology. Houston: Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins; 1999. p. 51-4.
Sans S. Hematología clínica. Quinta edición. Madrid: Hartcourt; 2001.
Sallah S, Sigounas G, Vos P, Wan JY, Nguyen NP. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in patients with non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma: characteristics and significance. Ann Oncol. 2000; 11:1571-7.
Heaney M. Myelodysplasia. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340:1649-60.
Weiner M. Pediatric Hematology/ Oncology Secrets. Segunda edición. Hanley & Belfus; 2002.
Wood , M. Secretos de Hematología y Oncología. Segunda edición. Interamericana; 2000.
Gonzalez H, Leblond V, Azar N, Sutton L, Gabarre J, Binet JL et al. Severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia in eight patients treated with fludarabine. Hematol Cell Ther. 1998;40(3):113-8.
Aster J. Anemias hemolíticas. In: Cotran R, Kumar V, CoIIins T, editors. Robbins Patologia Estructural y Funcional. McGraw- Hill ; 2000. p. 650-1.
Wendell R, Stanley L. Treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Warm agglutinins. UpToDate. [Publicado en
Marzo de 2006]. Disponible en: http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=red_cell/14732.
Bardill B, Mengis C, Tschopp M, Wuillemin W. Severe IgA-mediated auto-immune haemolytic anaemia in a 48-yr-old woman. Eur J Haematol. 2003; 70(1):60-3.
Salama A. Aquired immune hemolytic anemias. Ther Umsch. 2004; 61(2): 178-86.
Stahl D, Sibrowski W. Regulation of the immune response by natural IgM: lessons from warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Curr Pharm Des. 2003; 9 :1871-80.
Malva H, Mejia A. Anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes. Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano de Seguridad Social. 2005; 43: 2-8.
Díaz D. Síndromes anémicos. In: Andreatta P, Rammonet M, Alda E, Ciriaci C, editors. De lo Prevalente a lo Prevenible. Revista Diagnóstico. 2005: 33avo Congreso de Pediatria; 2003 Octubre 1-4; Buenos Aires, Argentina; 2005. 173.
Genty I, Michel M, Hermine O, Schaeffer A, Godeau B, Rochant H. Characteristics of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in adults: retrospective analysis of 83 cases. Rev Med Interne. 2002; 23: 901-9.
Packman C. Acquired hemolytic anemia due to warmreacting autoantibodies. In: Litchman M, Coller B, Beutler E, editors. Williams Hematology. New York: Mc Graw -Hill; 2001. p. 323-34.
Linker C. Current medical diagnosis and treatment. Blood. 2000; 43: 133-5.
Hernández-Nieto L, Hernández M, Juncá J, Vives-Corrons J, Martin-Vega C. Anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes por anticuerpos calientes. In: Hurst W, editors. Tratado de Medicina Interna Farreras Rozman. Buenos Aires: Sabiston;2000. p. 1646-72.
Petz, L. Treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemias. Curr Opin Hematol. 2001; 8: 411-6.
Zecca M, Nobili U, Ramenghi S, Perrolla G, Amendola P, Rosito M et al. Locatelli Rituximab for the treatment of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children. Blood. 2003 ; 101(10): 3857-61.
Pullarkart V, Ngo M, Igbal S, Espina B, Liebman H. Detection of lupus anticoagulant identifies patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia at increased risk for venous thromboembolism. Br J Haematol. 2002; 118(4): 1166-9.
Moraleda J, Corral M. Anemias hemolíticas, corpusculares o intrinsecas. In: Jimenez, J. editor. Hematologia: Patología Médica. Madrid. Luzán S.A.; 1996. p. 81-96.

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[1] Stahl D, Lacroix-Desmazes S, Heudes D, Mouthon L, Kaveri D, Kazatchkine M. Altered control of self-reactive IgG by autologous IgM in patients with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood. 2000; 95: 328-35.

[2] Bunn F, Wendell R. Hemolytic anemias and acute blood loss. In: Braunwald, E, Hauser S, Fauci A, Longo D, Kasper D, Jameson J, editors. Harrison's Principies of Internal Medicine. Mexico: Mc Graw Hill; 2002. p. 807-18.

[3] García K ,Arcay A, Lenny Ch, Laine L, Rojas V, Guinand R. Anemia hemolítica autoinmune idiomática. Index medico Journal [Publicado en 2004]. Disponible en: http://www.indexmedico.com/publicaciones/indexmedjournal/edicion10/anemia_hemolitica/garcia.htm

[4] Mckenzie S. Hematología clinica. Segunda edición. Santa Fe de Bogotá- México DF: Manual Moderno; 2000. p.306-28.

[5] Thomas A. Autoinmune hemolytic anemia. In: Lee R, Foester J, Lukens J, Paraskevas F, Greer J, Rodgers G, editors. Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology. Houston: Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins; 1999. p. 51-4.

[6] Sans S. Hematología clínica. Quinta edición. Madrid: Hartcourt; 2001.

[7] Sallah S, Sigounas G, Vos P, Wan JY, Nguyen NP. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in patients with non-Hodgkin's

[8] lymphoma: characteristics and significance. Ann Oncol. 2000; 11:1571-7.

[9] Heaney M. Myelodysplasia. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340:1649-60.

[10] Weiner M. Pediatric Hematology/ Oncology Secrets. Segunda edición. Hanley & Belfus; 2002.

[11] Wood , M. Secretos de Hematología y Oncología. Segunda edición. Interamericana; 2000.

[12] Gonzalez H, Leblond V, Azar N, Sutton L, Gabarre J, Binet JL et al. Severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia in eight patients treated with fludarabine. Hematol Cell Ther. 1998;40(3):113-8.

[13] Aster J. Anemias hemolíticas. In: Cotran R, Kumar V, CoIIins T, editors. Robbins Patologia Estructural y Funcional. McGraw- Hill ; 2000. p. 650-1.

[14] Wendell R, Stanley L. Treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Warm agglutinins. UpToDate. [Publicado en

[15] Marzo de 2006]. Disponible en: http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=red_cell/14732.

[16] Bardill B, Mengis C, Tschopp M, Wuillemin W. Severe IgA-mediated auto-immune haemolytic anaemia in a 48-yr-old woman. Eur J Haematol. 2003; 70(1):60-3.

[17] Salama A. Aquired immune hemolytic anemias. Ther Umsch. 2004; 61(2): 178-86.

[18] Stahl D, Sibrowski W. Regulation of the immune response by natural IgM: lessons from warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Curr Pharm Des. 2003; 9 :1871-80.

[19] Malva H, Mejia A. Anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes. Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano de Seguridad Social. 2005; 43: 2-8.

[20] Díaz D. Síndromes anémicos. In: Andreatta P, Rammonet M, Alda E, Ciriaci C, editors. De lo Prevalente a lo Prevenible. Revista Diagnóstico. 2005: 33avo Congreso de Pediatria; 2003 Octubre 1-4; Buenos Aires, Argentina; 2005. 173.

[21] Genty I, Michel M, Hermine O, Schaeffer A, Godeau B, Rochant H. Characteristics of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in adults: retrospective analysis of 83 cases. Rev Med Interne. 2002; 23: 901-9.

[22] Packman C. Acquired hemolytic anemia due to warmreacting autoantibodies. In: Litchman M, Coller B, Beutler E, editors. Williams Hematology. New York: Mc Graw -Hill; 2001. p. 323-34.

[23] Linker C. Current medical diagnosis and treatment. Blood. 2000; 43: 133-5.

[24] Hernández-Nieto L, Hernández M, Juncá J, Vives-Corrons J, Martin-Vega C. Anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes por anticuerpos calientes. In: Hurst W, editors. Tratado de Medicina Interna Farreras Rozman. Buenos Aires: Sabiston;2000. p. 1646-72.

[25] Petz, L. Treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemias. Curr Opin Hematol. 2001; 8: 411-6.

[26] Zecca M, Nobili U, Ramenghi S, Perrolla G, Amendola P, Rosito M et al. Locatelli Rituximab for the treatment of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children. Blood. 2003 ; 101(10): 3857-61.

[27] Pullarkart V, Ngo M, Igbal S, Espina B, Liebman H. Detection of lupus anticoagulant identifies patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia at increased risk for venous thromboembolism. Br J Haematol. 2002; 118(4): 1166-9.

[28] Moraleda J, Corral M. Anemias hemolíticas, corpusculares o intrinsecas. In: Jimenez, J. editor. Hematologia: Patología Médica. Madrid. Luzán S.A.; 1996. p. 81-96.

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