TUMOR DE CÉLULAS GIGANTES DE HUESO: TRANSFORMACIÓN MALIGNA SECUNDARIA SIN RADIOTERAPIA

Jolieanne Marxen; Tesila Uribe

Submitted October 13, 2024

Published 2026-04-06

Artículos de Investigación

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2001): Revista Médico Científica

GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE:: SECUNDARY MALlGNANT TRANSFORMATlON WITHOUT PREVIOUS RADIOTHERAPY.

Jolieanne Marxen⁺⁻
Tesila Uribe⁺⁻

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DOI: ND

Published: 2026-04-06

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Marxen J, Uribe T. GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE:: SECUNDARY MALlGNANT TRANSFORMATlON WITHOUT PREVIOUS RADIOTHERAPY. . rmc [Internet]. 2026 Apr. 6 [cited 2026 Oct. 18];14(2):28-34. Available from: https://revistas.up.ac.pa/index.php/revistamedicocientifica/article/view/5937

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) represents 18 % of benign bone tumors but it's unpredictable, aggressive behavior, it's tendency to recur locally, develop "benign" pulmonary metastases, and become malignant has caused a grate debate and confusion about it's nature. The occurrence of more than one lesion (multicentric GCT) and malignant transformation without previous radiotherapy are exceedingly rare. We report a case of a patient that developed a secondary malignant transformation 13 years after a surgery for a lesion in distal tibia initially interpreted as an aneurysmal bone cyst. It recurrs locally after ten years period of latency. A third recurrence demonstrated the histological features of GCT. More later, a second lesion in distal fibula developed. Further, it extends into soft tissue and is detected a sarcomatous transformation. Pulmonary metastases are observed. We concluded that our patient have a secondary malignant transformation because a sarcoma developed in the same site of a previous GCT.

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References

Eckardt JJ, Grogan TJ. giant cell tumor of bone. clin orthop 1986; (204): 45-58.
Mori Y, Tsuchiya H, Karita M, Nonomura A, Nojima T, Tomita K. Malignant transformation of a giant cell tumor 25 years alter initial treatment. Clin Orthop 2000; (381):185-91.
Cummins CA, Scarborough MT, Enneking WF. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. Clin Orthop 1996; (322): 245-52.
Wurtz D. Progress in the treatment of giant cell tumor of bone. Current Opinión in Orthop 1999; 10: 474-80.
Saglik Y, Yildiz Y, Karakas A, Ogut H, Erekul T. Giant cell tumor of bone. Bull Hosp Jt Dis 1999; 58(2): 98-104.
Campanacci M, Baldini N, Boriani S, Sudanese A. Giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1987; 62A(1): 106-14.
Sung HW, Kuo DP, Shu WO, Chai YB, Liu CC, Li SM. Giant cell tumor of bone: análisis of two hundred and eight cases in chinese patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1982; 64A (5): 755-61.
Sim FH, Dahlin DC, Beabout Jw. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1977; 59A (8): 1052-60.
Tornberg DN, Dick HM, Johnston AD. Multicentric giant cell tumor in the long bones. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1975; 57A (3): 420-22.
Cheng JC, Johnston JO. Giant cell tumo r of bone. prognosis and treatment of pulmonary metastases. Clin Orthop 1997; (338): 205-14.
. Peimer CA , Schiller AL, Mank in HJ , Smith RJ. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1980; 62A (4):652-56.
Yip KM, Leung PC, Kumta SM. Giant cell tumor of bone. Clin Orthop 1996; (323): 60-4.
Rock MG, Sim FH, Unni KK, Witrak GA, Frassica FJ, Schray MF et al. Secondary malignant giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1986; 68A (7): 1073-79.
Bertoni F, Present D, Enneking WF. Giant cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1985; 67A (6): 890-900.
Schajowicz F. Tumor de Células Gigantes (Osteoclastoma). En: Tumores y lesiones seudotumorales de huesos y articulaciones. Argentina: Editorial Médica Panamericana S.A.; 1982. p. 215-249.
Picci P, Manfrini M, Zucchi V, Gherlinzoni F, Rock M, Bertoni F, Neff JR. Giant cell tumor of bone in skeletally inmature patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1983; 65(4): 486-90.
Malawer MM, Bickels J, Meller I, Buch RG, Henshaw RM, Kollender Y. Cryyosurgery in the treatment of giant cell tumor. A long term followup study. Clin Orthop 1999; (359): 176-88.
Chakravarti A, Spiro IJ, Hug EB, Mankin HJ, Efird JT, Suit HD. Megavoltage radiation therapy for axial and inoperavle giant-cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1999; 81 (11): 1566-73.
Bennet CJ Jr, Marcus RB Jr, Million RR, Enneking WF. Radiation therapy for guant cell tumor of bone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993; 26 (2): 299-304.
Zhu XZ, Steiner GC. Malignant giant cell tumor of bone: malignant transformation of a benign giant cell tumor treated by surgery. Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst 1990; 50 (2): 169-7.

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[1] Eckardt JJ, Grogan TJ. giant cell tumor of bone. clin orthop 1986; (204): 45-58.

[2] Mori Y, Tsuchiya H, Karita M, Nonomura A, Nojima T, Tomita K. Malignant transformation of a giant cell tumor 25 years alter initial treatment. Clin Orthop 2000; (381):185-91.

[3] Cummins CA, Scarborough MT, Enneking WF. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. Clin Orthop 1996; (322): 245-52.

[4] Wurtz D. Progress in the treatment of giant cell tumor of bone. Current Opinión in Orthop 1999; 10: 474-80.

[5] Saglik Y, Yildiz Y, Karakas A, Ogut H, Erekul T. Giant cell tumor of bone. Bull Hosp Jt Dis 1999; 58(2): 98-104.

[6] Campanacci M, Baldini N, Boriani S, Sudanese A. Giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1987; 62A(1): 106-14.

[7] Sung HW, Kuo DP, Shu WO, Chai YB, Liu CC, Li SM. Giant cell tumor of bone: análisis of two hundred and eight cases in chinese patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1982; 64A (5): 755-61.

[8] Sim FH, Dahlin DC, Beabout Jw. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1977; 59A (8): 1052-60.

[9] Tornberg DN, Dick HM, Johnston AD. Multicentric giant cell tumor in the long bones. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1975; 57A (3): 420-22.

[10] Cheng JC, Johnston JO. Giant cell tumo r of bone. prognosis and treatment of pulmonary metastases. Clin Orthop 1997; (338): 205-14.

[11] . Peimer CA , Schiller AL, Mank in HJ , Smith RJ. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1980; 62A (4):652-56.

[12] Yip KM, Leung PC, Kumta SM. Giant cell tumor of bone. Clin Orthop 1996; (323): 60-4.

[13] Rock MG, Sim FH, Unni KK, Witrak GA, Frassica FJ, Schray MF et al. Secondary malignant giant cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1986; 68A (7): 1073-79.

[14] Bertoni F, Present D, Enneking WF. Giant cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1985; 67A (6): 890-900.

[15] Schajowicz F. Tumor de Células Gigantes (Osteoclastoma). En: Tumores y lesiones seudotumorales de huesos y articulaciones. Argentina: Editorial Médica Panamericana S.A.; 1982. p. 215-249.

[16] Picci P, Manfrini M, Zucchi V, Gherlinzoni F, Rock M, Bertoni F, Neff JR. Giant cell tumor of bone in skeletally inmature patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1983; 65(4): 486-90.

[17] Malawer MM, Bickels J, Meller I, Buch RG, Henshaw RM, Kollender Y. Cryyosurgery in the treatment of giant cell tumor. A long term followup study. Clin Orthop 1999; (359): 176-88.

[18] Chakravarti A, Spiro IJ, Hug EB, Mankin HJ, Efird JT, Suit HD. Megavoltage radiation therapy for axial and inoperavle giant-cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1999; 81 (11): 1566-73.

[19] Bennet CJ Jr, Marcus RB Jr, Million RR, Enneking WF. Radiation therapy for guant cell tumor of bone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993; 26 (2): 299-304.

[20] Zhu XZ, Steiner GC. Malignant giant cell tumor of bone: malignant transformation of a benign giant cell tumor treated by surgery. Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst 1990; 50 (2): 169-7.

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