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A 41-year-old tailor residing in a rat infested building, consulted with a chief complaint of persistent cough and hemoptysis. Chest X-rays revealed a bilateral granulomatous infiltrate . Family history was negative for tuberculosis. Mycological work-up of sputa obtained from the patient was positive for a fungus growth compatible with Emmonsia crescens. Animal (laboratory white mice) inoculation studies performed with the mycelial and yeast phases of the fungus produced histopathologic lesions, in which , fungal yeast elements (adiaspores) were clearly visible. Epidemiologic considerations are set forth relating to this disease in Panama incidence, population at risk, and contributing environmental factors.