Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most frequent anovulation and hirsutism disorder and the most common endocrinopathy in adolescents. It affects between five to ten percent of all women of reproductive age. For its diagnosis at least two of the following are necessary: chronic anovulation with menstrual irregularities for at least six months, clinical or laboratory, hyperandrogenism and ovaries with polycystic appearances to ultrasound test. On presentation, polycystic ovary syndrome is classically considered a triad of oligo/amenorrhea, hirsutism and obesity. The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome is unknown: patients with this syndrome have multiple endocrine axes dysfunctions. Resistance could be found to insulin, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia and to high serumal levels of plasminogeni activator inhibitor. Lifestyle modifications such as calorie restriction and exercise can improve insulin sensibility, and symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Oral contraceptives are first line drugs, although oral insulin-sensitizing drugs and anti-androgenic drugs are also employed.
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