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INTRODUCTION. Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare entity, considered a type of diffuse large B cell lymphoma, which occurs predominantly in the oral cavity of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Since its first description in 1 997, it has been described in inmunocompetent patients and in other anatomic sites. This case is the usual description of plasmablastic lymphoma, but this publication is very important because it constitutes a disease of interest not only to hematologist, pathologists and infectious disease specialists, but also for the medical population because of the relationship with human immunodeficiency virus.
CLINICAL CASE. 31 year old man, with human immunodeficiency virus infection since 2 008, which initiated triple therapy in January 2 009 and abandoned it in November 2 009.He came with a history of one month of emergence of left mandibule mass, which was increasing in size. On physical exam it was notorious a left mandibular mass of 10 x 10 cm in diameter, painless on palpation, without drainage material and adhered to deepplanes.
DISCUSSION. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas represent a clinically and biologically heterogeneous neoplasm with different therapeutic approaches and varying prognosis. Plasmablastic lymphomas appears in the 2 008 classification of the World Health Organization, as an aggressive and rare variant.
