TRASTORNOS HIPERTENSIVOS DEL EMBARAZO DIAGNÓSTICO Y TRATAMIENTO

Paulino Vigil-De Gracia

Submitted November 4, 2024

Published 2026-04-06

Artículos de Investigación

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2002): Revista Médico Científica

RELATED HYPERTENSIVE PREGNANCY DISORDERS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Paulino Vigil-De Gracia⁺⁻

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Published: 2026-04-06

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Abstract

Hypertensive disorders occur in 10% of all pregnancies and significantly contribute to stillbirths and neonatal mortality. From the mother's side, hypertensive disorders are the second leading cause of maternal mortality in the USA and third in Panama. Currently, there are four groups of hypertensive disorders: chronic hypertension, preeclampsia-eclampsia, superimposed preeclampsia on chronic hypertension, and gestational hypertension. In spite of advances in this pathology, the causes of this disease are unknown and its treatment is based on ending the pregnancy. We distinguish in this review the handling of chronic hypertension and preeclampsia.

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National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group Report on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:S1-S23.
Witlin AG, Sibai BM. Hypertension. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1998;41:533.
Perloff D. Hypertension and pregnancy-related hypertension. Cardiol Clin. 1998;16:79.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Tech Bull No 219. Hypertension in pregnancy. Washington, DC, 1996.
Arias F, Zamora J. Antihypertensive treatment and pregnancy outcome in patients with mild chronic hypertension. Obstet Gynecol. 1979;53:489-94.
Leather HM, Humphreys OM, Baker PB. A controlled trial of hypertensive agents in hypertension in pregnancy. Lancet. 1968;1:488-9.
Redman CWE, Beilin LJ, Bonnar J. Fetal outcome in trial of antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy. Lancet. 1976;2:753-6.
Sibai BM, Mabie WC, Shamsa F, Villar MA, Anderson GD. A comparison of no medication versus methyldopa or labetalol in chronic hypertension during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;162:960-7.
Landesman R, Holze W, Scherr L. Fetal mortality in essential hypertension. Obstet Gynecol. 1955;6:354-65.
Sibai BM, Gonzalez AR, Mabie WC, Moretti M. A comparison of labetalol plus hospitalization versus hospitalization alone in the management of preeclampsia remote from term. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;70:323-7.
Sibai BM. Treatment of hypertension in pregnant women. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:257.
Vigil-De Gracia P. Uso de fluidos en la paciente con preeclampsia-eclampsia. Rev Med CSS. 1997;26:54.
Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:201.
The Eclampsia Trial Collaborative Group. Eclampsia trial. Lancet. 1995;345:1455.
Hallak M, Irtenkauf SM, Cotton DB. Effect of magnesium sulfate on excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat brain. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;175:582-7.

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[1] National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group Report on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:S1-S23.

[2] Witlin AG, Sibai BM. Hypertension. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1998;41:533.

[3] Perloff D. Hypertension and pregnancy-related hypertension. Cardiol Clin. 1998;16:79.

[4] American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Tech Bull No 219. Hypertension in pregnancy. Washington, DC, 1996.

[5] Arias F, Zamora J. Antihypertensive treatment and pregnancy outcome in patients with mild chronic hypertension. Obstet Gynecol. 1979;53:489-94.

[6] Leather HM, Humphreys OM, Baker PB. A controlled trial of hypertensive agents in hypertension in pregnancy. Lancet. 1968;1:488-9.

[7] Redman CWE, Beilin LJ, Bonnar J. Fetal outcome in trial of antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy. Lancet. 1976;2:753-6.

[8] Sibai BM, Mabie WC, Shamsa F, Villar MA, Anderson GD. A comparison of no medication versus methyldopa or labetalol in chronic hypertension during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;162:960-7.

[9] Landesman R, Holze W, Scherr L. Fetal mortality in essential hypertension. Obstet Gynecol. 1955;6:354-65.

[10] Sibai BM, Gonzalez AR, Mabie WC, Moretti M. A comparison of labetalol plus hospitalization versus hospitalization alone in the management of preeclampsia remote from term. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;70:323-7.

[11] Sibai BM. Treatment of hypertension in pregnant women. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:257.

[12] Vigil-De Gracia P. Uso de fluidos en la paciente con preeclampsia-eclampsia. Rev Med CSS. 1997;26:54.

[13] Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:201.

[14] The Eclampsia Trial Collaborative Group. Eclampsia trial. Lancet. 1995;345:1455.

[15] Hallak M, Irtenkauf SM, Cotton DB. Effect of magnesium sulfate on excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat brain. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;175:582-7.

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