This paper explained how the delimitation between perpetratorship and criminal participation has been understood in Panamanian and foreign criminal theory. To achieve this, a review of the main theories is made. Objective-formal theory was analyzed first, then material theory, then subjective theory, and finally, the theory of the control over. National and international bibliographic review techniques were used. In it was concluded, among others, that the theory of the control over is the dominant one in the penal theory, however, the subjective theory has not been totally overcome, so it maintains a level of acceptance; while objective theories were overcome.