The horse plays a crucial role for the well-being and economy of Panamanian rural communities. To characterize the role played by these animals, FUCAEP carried out a survey of 500 rural families in 2019, which included open and closed questions about the use, feed, health, well-being and handling of the horses. The data were collected through interviews, observations, and the collection of information. The results of the study revealed that horses are essential for transportation, agricultural work and other activities, allowing rural families to improve their economy. However, this contribution is threatened by several factors, including lack of awareness about proper equine care, scarcity of economic resources, poverty, food insecurity, and lack of legal framework guaranteeing horse welfare. Therefore, it is imperative that both the owners and governmental entities collaborate to ensure the welfare of these animals and improve the quality of life of rural communities.