This article aims to stimulate and enhance the teaching of evolution. It is known that teaching of science in general, and biology and evolution in particular, should be a basic ingredient for achieving the scientific literacy, incorporating the curiosity, skepticism and a critical attitude. It presents a vision of how should be the teaching of evolutionary biology, where the student must learn to seek the truth through discussion, research and experimentation. This is a challenge that can only be faced with the joint action of the ministries of education, the pedagogic institutes, colleges and universities.