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This study examines surety subrogation in public contracting in Panama, focusing on the execution of performance bonds as a mechanism to safeguard public investment against contractual breaches. It analyzes how this process not only facilitates the continuity of projects but also manages the risks associated with non-compliance. Through a critical analysis of legal and operational frameworks, this article discusses the challenges faced by surety subrogation and proposes improvements to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of public contract execution. It addresses the need to clarify procedures and strengthen the management of third-party executors, contributing to a more robust and transparent contracting system that protects state interests and maximizes benefits for the Panamanian society.