Copyright (c) 2026 Cátedra
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The history of Panama is both fascinating and mysterious, and inseparable from the major geopolitical projects of the Western Hemisphere. Since Liberator Simón Bolívar and his Jamaica Letter in 1815, the Isthmus has been the stage for aspirations of unity, brotherhood, and solidarity among Latin America, a focal point of imperial disputes, and a symbol of sovereign resistance. At three key moments for the Isthmus of Panama, the Amphictyonic Congress of 1826, the signing of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties in 1977, and the recent threats posed by President Donald Trump in 2025, Latin American solidarity has been decisive in maintaining Panamanian sovereignty (tangible ideals of Bolívar to prevent colonialism from foreign and local powers). These events, though separated by centuries, reveal a constant: regional defense against foreign pressures and colonialist interference.In this article, we use the documentary method, fundamental for the significance of this study, considering the objective of analyzing the historical and symbolic continuity between the Amphictyonic Congress of Panama, the evident Latin American support in the Torrijos-Carter treaties, and the current regional reaction to Donald Trump’s threats in 2025 against the Panama Canal, in order to understand the mechanisms of solidarity and defense of sovereignty in Latin America.
