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This study analyzes the international dimension of the Amphictyonic
Congress of Panama of 1826 from a critical history and comparative
studies perspective. The research examines the assembly as a geopolitical milestone designed by Simón Bolívar to protect Spanish American independence against the threats of European absolutism and the expansionism of emerging powers. Through a transnational approach, we challenge the traditional narrative that reduces the event to a diplomatic failure, highlighting instead its fundamental antecedent to inter-American multilateralism and regional integrationist thought. Finally, our work evaluates the bicentennial legacy of the Congress, contrasting the principles of collective defense and arbitration discussed in 1826 with the current challenges facing integration institutions in Latin America.