LA DOCTRINA MONROE: : 200 AÑOS DESPUÉS

Pantaleón García Bethancourth

doi:10.48204/j.catedra.n23.a4184

Submitted August 8, 2023

Published 2023-08-14

Artículos

No. 20 (2023): Cátedra

LA DOCTRINA MONROE: : 200 AÑOS DESPUÉS

Pantaleón García Bethancourth ⁺⁻

DOI https://doi.org/10.48204/j.catedra.n23.a4184

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DOI: 10.48204/j.catedra.n23.a4184

Published: 2023-08-14

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García Bethancourth , P. (2023). LA DOCTRINA MONROE: : 200 AÑOS DESPUÉS. Cátedra, (20), 41–56. https://doi.org/10.48204/j.catedra.n23.a4184

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Abstract

This article evaluates the origins of the Monroe Doctrine, its purposes and its evolution from its origins to the present. It establishes that the criteria that the government of President Monroe took into account to make its declaration was the supposed danger of the Holy Alliance to invade the countries of Latin America, the presence of imperial Russia located in the northwestern region of North America and the expansionist ambitions of Great Britain in the same region. The paper maintains that the true purpose of Monroe’s declaration was to prevent the arrival of European powers in Latin America and prevent them from competing with the United States for raw materials and markets in the region. It also maintains that at the time of Monroe’s declaration there was no danger to Latin America and it was launched against an imaginary threat. Today, faced with the presence of other powers in the region such as China, Russia and Iran, the United States once again fanned the extra continental threat to continue maintaining its hegemony in the region.

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References

Álvarez, Alejandro. (1924). The Monroe Doctrine. Its importance in the International Life of The States of the New Word. New York: Oxford University Press.
Cleland, Robert G. (1923). One Hundred Years of the Monroe Doctrine. Los Ángeles, California: Times Mirror,
Conniff, Michael (1992). Panamá and the United States. The Force Alliance. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
Crapol, P. Edward. (1979). “Notes and Documents. John Quincy Adams and the Monroe Doctrine: Some New Evidence”. En Pacific Historical Review. Volumen XLVI Número 3. 413-418.
Ferreiro, Larrie D. (2019). Hermanos de armas. La intervención de España y Francia que salvó la independencia de Estados Unidos. Madrid: Editorial Desperta Ferro Ediciones SLNE.
García Bethancourth, Pantaleón (2019). Estados Unidos y América Latina. La política exterior de los Estados Unidos hacia América Latina, siglos XVIII y XIX.
Chitré: Editorial Se imprime.
Guerra, Ramiro. (1975). La expansión territorial de los Estados Unidos. La Habana: Editorial de las Ciencias Sociales.
Guerra, Ramiro. (1974). En el camino de la independencia. La Habana: Editorial de las Ciencias Sociales.
Gil, Federico G. (1971). Latin American-United States Relations. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich INC.
Langley, Lester. (1989). America and The Americas. The United States in the Western Hemisfere. Athens: The University of Georgia Press.
La Feber, Walter. (1989). The American Age. United States Foreign Policy at Home and Abroad Since 1750. New York: W. W Norton &Company.
Liuewen, Edwin. (1969). U. S. Policy in Latin America. New York: Frederick
A. Praeger, Publisshers.
Nerval, Gaston. (1934). Autopsy of the Monroe Doctrine. New York: The MaC Millan Company.
Nichols, C. Irby Jr., “The Russian Ukase and the Monroe Doctrine: A Re- Evaluation” En Pacific Historical Review. Volumen XXXVI, febrero de 1967. Número 1. 13- 26.
Norman, Albert (1978). The Monroe Doctrine Extended. Vermon: Northfield, 1968.
Paterson, Thomas G. (1978). Major Problems in American Foreign Policy.
Massachessetts: D. C. Health and Company.
Perkins, Dexter (1964). Historia de la Doctrina Monroe. Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires.
Rippy, J. Fred. (1967). La rivalidad entre Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña por América Latina (1808-1830). Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires, 1967.
Russell, Bartley H. (1978). Imperial Russia and the Struggle for Latin American Independence 1808-1830). Texas: University Press.
Whitaker, Arthur. (1964). Estados Unidos y la independencia de América Latina (1800-1830). Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires.

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[1] Álvarez, Alejandro. (1924). The Monroe Doctrine. Its importance in the International Life of The States of the New Word. New York: Oxford University Press.

[2] Cleland, Robert G. (1923). One Hundred Years of the Monroe Doctrine. Los Ángeles, California: Times Mirror,

[3] Conniff, Michael (1992). Panamá and the United States. The Force Alliance. Athens: University of Georgia Press.

[4] Crapol, P. Edward. (1979). “Notes and Documents. John Quincy Adams and the Monroe Doctrine: Some New Evidence”. En Pacific Historical Review. Volumen XLVI Número 3. 413-418.

[5] Ferreiro, Larrie D. (2019). Hermanos de armas. La intervención de España y Francia que salvó la independencia de Estados Unidos. Madrid: Editorial Desperta Ferro Ediciones SLNE.

[6] García Bethancourth, Pantaleón (2019). Estados Unidos y América Latina. La política exterior de los Estados Unidos hacia América Latina, siglos XVIII y XIX.

[7] Chitré: Editorial Se imprime.

[8] Guerra, Ramiro. (1975). La expansión territorial de los Estados Unidos. La Habana: Editorial de las Ciencias Sociales.

[9] Guerra, Ramiro. (1974). En el camino de la independencia. La Habana: Editorial de las Ciencias Sociales.

[10] Gil, Federico G. (1971). Latin American-United States Relations. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich INC.

[11] Langley, Lester. (1989). America and The Americas. The United States in the Western Hemisfere. Athens: The University of Georgia Press.

[12] La Feber, Walter. (1989). The American Age. United States Foreign Policy at Home and Abroad Since 1750. New York: W. W Norton &Company.

[13] Liuewen, Edwin. (1969). U. S. Policy in Latin America. New York: Frederick

[14] A. Praeger, Publisshers.

[15] Nerval, Gaston. (1934). Autopsy of the Monroe Doctrine. New York: The MaC Millan Company.

[16] Nichols, C. Irby Jr., “The Russian Ukase and the Monroe Doctrine: A Re- Evaluation” En Pacific Historical Review. Volumen XXXVI, febrero de 1967. Número 1. 13- 26.

[17] Norman, Albert (1978). The Monroe Doctrine Extended. Vermon: Northfield, 1968.

[18] Paterson, Thomas G. (1978). Major Problems in American Foreign Policy.

[19] Massachessetts: D. C. Health and Company.

[20] Perkins, Dexter (1964). Historia de la Doctrina Monroe. Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires.

[21] Rippy, J. Fred. (1967). La rivalidad entre Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña por América Latina (1808-1830). Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires, 1967.

[22] Russell, Bartley H. (1978). Imperial Russia and the Struggle for Latin American Independence 1808-1830). Texas: University Press.

[23] Whitaker, Arthur. (1964). Estados Unidos y la independencia de América Latina (1800-1830). Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires.

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