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The present work explains the events that have arisen through the foreign policy of the United States to maintain its hegemony in the territories of Latin America and has as objective to know the evolution of the Monroe Doctrine since the 19th century that was used to justify the territorial expansion of the United States in North America and the annexation of territories such as Texas, California and New Mexico. In the 20th century, the doctrine became a key component of US foreign policy in Latin America that, during the Cold War, was used to justify US intervention in Latin American affairs in the name of defense against the expansion of the communism. In recent decades, some authors have argued that this statement is outdated in an increasingly globalized world. However, others have maintained the idea that it continues to be relevant in the defense of United States interests in Latin America, because since its formulation, in 1823, until today, the United States has fought to preserve and consolidate its interests, in the region; That is why it changes its strategies, but not its ideology, to continue with its expansionist policies.