Obesity and overweight are considered a serious public health problem, becoming the epidemic of the 21st century, with evident tendency to increase worldwide. This article presents a review of the topic of obesity from the anthropological and philosophical aspects of Madeleine Leininger's Theory of Diversity and Universality.  The second half of the twentieth century was characterized by the speed of sociocultural changes that not only transformed the composition of different societies (globalization), but also transformed value systems and in turn massive population movements, new technologies, changes in the demographic composition that directly influenced the family dynamics of households, contributed to the emergence of chronic noncommunicable diseases, including obesity