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21st century companies must prioritize the development and integration of the human factor within the organization, so having competent collaborators will facilitate adaptation to the changes and demands that the nature of the position demands to achieve the expected results. Human resources management in the 21st century was addressed from the perspective of the fundamental criteria of strategic management, under a qualitative approach based on content analysis, selecting within the relevance of the topic the authors who allowed the articulation from the authors' perspective. From the documentary research, the cross-sectional data collection and analysis procedure was carried out to explain the strategies to retain talent and maintain human capital in their positions in the long term. From this construction it is concluded that these facets are connected to each other, from the technical and systemic aspects to the more human considerations that encompass the understanding and defense of the interests of collaborators.