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This study analyzes the relationship between debt and financial profitability in major consumer goods companies listed on the Lima Stock Exchange (BVL) during 2015–2024. A quantitative correlational approach was applied using secondary data from audited financial statements of Alicorp S.A.A., Leche Gloria S.A y Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus & Johnston S.A.A. The variables considered were short-term and long-term debt, interest coverage, and return on equity (ROE). Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient after verifying non-normal data distribution. Results show a significant positive correlation between interest coverage and profitability, confirming that efficient leverage management strengthens financial performance and value creation. These findings validate the Trade-Off Theory and the Agency Theory, providing empirical evidence contextualized to emerging economies. The research contributes to the accounting and financial field by offering theoretical and practical bases to optimize debt management in Peruvian companies.
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
