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Research has shown that the Relative Export Advantage Index is important in identifying trade policy opportunities in the oil palm sector. For this reason, the objective is to identify the advantages in the export of palm oil to Costa Rica and determine its level of competitiveness. For the analysis, a quantitative, exploratory, and descriptive methodology was chosen, where the related variables are analyzed, such as: production, costs, the contribution to the economy of the productive sector, the importance of specialization, the producing provinces, among others. In the period under study, Panama has a Relative Export Advantage Index with a positive sign, which indicates the existence of specialization and competitiveness of the product in the Costa Rican market. In addition, an increase in production with productive efficiency is proposed to improve international competitiveness and explore other export markets.