Besides the holotype of Tityus cerroazul Lourenço, 1986 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), female from Cerro Azul, Panama Province, Panama, no additional specimens have been reported up to the present. Here we recognize that the holotype is an immature female, Tityus mongei Lourenço, 1996 is considered a New Synonymy of Tityus cerroazul, the previously unknown male is here described, new distribution records in Panama are presented, observations on its natural histoy, and the first known case of death of a child caused by the sting of a subadult male of this species. Diagnostic characters are discussed and illustrated, intraspecific variations recognized based on the examination of 16 specimens: 1 ? , 2 ?? subadults, 8 ?? y 5 immatures, necessary for the future recognition of this endemic species of Panama.
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