Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Investigaciones Agropecuarias
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The incidence of the purpose of this work is to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals in the Santa Maria River Basin, located in the province of Herrera, Cocle and Veraguas, Republic of Panama in the different parts of the basin, high, medium and low in the dry season (2021). Forty samples were taken from farms of 30 producers, 29 of sediments and 7 of agrochemicals (herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and fertilizers). The samples were analyzed at the soil laboratory of Instituto de Innovación Agropecuaria de Panamá (IDIAP), Divisa. All samples were characterized in general and metal levels were determined using EPA 3051A methodology. The INFOSTAT program was used for statistical analysis. Regression analysis, analysis of variance and multivariate principal component analysis were performed. The soil samples did not show heavy metal contamination, unlike the sediments, which showed contamination by Cu with values ranging from 50 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg and Ni with a limit value of 56 mg/kg. For agrochemicals, the reference of Colmer and Sanchez (2000) was used, obtaining values above the permissible values for the fungicide, which reported 78 mg/kg of Zn. For fertilizers, the references of Alloway (1995) and Kabatas and Pendias (1984) were used, resulting in values above the permissible values for urea, which registered 17.43 mg/kg Cu, 291.50 mg/kg Zn and 37.95 mg/kg Ni, and the fertilizer 12-24-12, which reported 265 mg/kg Zn and 68 mg/kg Ni. The analysis of variance determined that there were significant differences.
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