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This paper explained the different theories that determine the basis of the punishment of the ways of criminal participation; as well as the theory that Panamanian Criminal Law follows, which is the tripartition of the ways of criminal participation. For this, review techniques of bibliographic sources and review of the Law. National and international sources were used. It was concluded, that from all the theories exposed, that which divides participation in perpetratorship, aiding and instigation is the most appropriated within a rule of law.