This study seeks to create a new governance plan to tackle key environmental issues in Costa Rica and Panama from 2020 to 2025 for sustainable development. The goal is to meet the 2030 Agenda by examining the mining sector. The present study employs a prospective methodology and the following methods: MICMAC Tool, MACTOR Tool, Trend Scanning Method, and Scenario Method. According to the findings, the dependent variables that are the seeds of change generate a disruption to the environmental problems in the mining case study. These variables include Environmental Governance and Citizen Participation, Climate Change and Sustainability Policy, Regional and International Cooperation, Analysis of Environmental Problems, Environmental Impact Studies, Cost of Environmental Degradation, Economic Development and Land Use Policies, Environmental Projects, Investment in Renewable Energies, Green Trade and Exports, and Environmental Ecosystem. Community groups and social movements are identified as the dominant actors, while Veta Player Sindical Panamá and Veta Player Anti-Mining Costa Rica are identified as influential and highly dependent liaison actors. These three actors are considered significant influencers. Converging actors include Veta Player Anti-Mining Costa Rica, junto a grupos comunitarios, movimientos sociales, ONGs y centros de investigación ambiental, forman una poderosa red de influencia. Mining companies are identified as the main diverging actors. A value proposition is developed based on the analysis of the VUCA environment and the scenario method, considering the evolutionary and counterfactual scenarios. Through foresight, possible futures are identified that, by managing uncertainty, address the environmental problems in mining in Costa Rica and Panama.
