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This study aimed to analyze the use and perceptions of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) among 115 students enrolled in the Law and Political Science degree program at the University of Panama’s Panama Oeste Regional University Center. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with a non-probability convenience sample. Data were collected through a structured Google Forms questionnaire administered over one week in April 2026; the instrument included closed-ended questions and one open-ended question. Closed-ended responses were processed in Microsoft Excel using frequencies and percentages. Overall, 98% reported using GenAI for academic activities; 95% perceived that it facilitates understanding legal topics, 89% considered it useful for legal research, and 90% for case analysis. In contrast, only 12% reported routinely verifying generated information, although 63% acknowledged that these tools may provide inaccurate legal information. In addition, 92% considered university training necessary for responsible use, and 74% believed GenAI should support rather than replace legal reasoning. The open-ended responses reflected concerns about source verification and preserving independent analysis. The findings suggest that widespread use should be accompanied by critical training and systematic fact-checking. Perceived usefulness should not be interpreted as evidence that GenAI objectively improves legal reasoning. These findings are limited to the sample studied.
