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This research analyzed the labor claims of public servants before the Jurisdiction of the Public Function, based on their historical background, legal framework, and the contemporary challenges faced by both officials and administrative justice institutions. In various Latin American countries—such as Mexico, Colombia, Chile, and Argentina—public administration was the setting for tensions between job stability and disciplinary measures or institutional reorganization. Through the examination of regulations, jurisprudence, and doctrine, key issues related to effective access to justice, the limits of due process, and fundamental guarantees in administrative sanctioning procedures were identified. Likewise, current challenges such as the digitalization of processes, the independence of administrative courts, and the protection of rights in contexts of economic crisis or state reforms were addressed. Methodologically, this was documentary-type research based on a rigorous review of literature published between 2020 and 2025, consulted through databases such as Google Scholar, the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), using labor ethics, due process, and governance as inclusion criteria terms. The results showed that, although the Administrative Tribunal of the Public Function in Panama constituted a specialized mechanism for the protection of labor rights, regulatory and procedural limitations persisted, diminishing the effectiveness of judicial protection and making a reform inspired by international best practices in the field necessary.
