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The biochemical composition sets the nutritional value and provides information that helps to understand the energy balance of molluscs. In that sense this paper energy substrates (proteins and carbohydrates) in the gonadal tissue, muscular foot, gills and other tissue freshwater mussel Anodonta luteola, natural banks of a sector of Lake Gatun were evaluated in the populated La Arenosa, Panama Canal area, from May 2010 to April 2011. monthly records of physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved solids and conductivity) were obtained in the lake up to three meters deep. the influence of these parameters on energy substrates was also observed. Concentrations of protein and carbohydrates of the tissues were tested colorimetrically by spectrophotometry. The highest values ??of protein and carbohydrates were obtained in the gonads and other tissue. Physico-chemical factors analyzed (temperature, pH, dissolved solids and conductivity), showed little influence on concentrations of protein and carbohydrates of the gonads, except the dissolved oxygen in the concentration of protein.