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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease that affects millions of people in the world every day and is considered a silent pathology since the majority of patients begin to present symptoms once damage has been established. cellular level in various tissues. One of the main complications of DM2 is diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, the objective of the study is to establish the relationship between the time of evolution of DM2 and the degrees of diabetic retinopathy. For this, a non-probabilistic sampling study was carried out on 58 patients with DM2. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the time of evolution of DM2 and the degrees of retinopathy, so we conclude that early detection of the disease, as well as timely ophthalmological follow-up is key to saving the patient's health.