The teaching process evolves as technology advances, seeking faster knowledge assimilation strategies. One of the initiatives that has gained strength is educational robotics, a learning approach that places the student in an active and leading role in the learning process. This article analyzes the progress of educational robotics in recent years in Latin America through a documentary review under the dialectical paradigm. As a result, Brazil occupies first place in the region in research on this object of study, and the most used structural elements and programming languages ??are Lego, Arduino, and Scracht-type blocks. Also, the results showed that educational robotics is an excellent pedagogical tool for learning in students and teachers, developing the joint construction of knowledge through cognitive imbalance and motivation.