This article analyzes the pedagogical competencies necessary for university teachers to improve classroom practices and, therefore, student learning outcomes. Through a comprehensive review of the literature and case studies, key competencies are identified, such as the integration of educational technologies, methodological adaptability, and formative assessment. In addition, strategies for the continuing education of teachers are examined, with recommendations for the implementation of institutional policies that promote educational excellence. The study concludes that the development of these competencies is essential to meet the educational challenges of the 21st century.