Curricular planning is one of the most significant aspects of pedagogical practice. It is a process in which the teacher structures actions to strengthen the formative development of students and achieve meaningful learning. It constitutes the main educational element of the teacher's competence that allows him to contextualize and adjust national and institutional guidelines and make decisions that directly affect learning and educational results. From this perspective, the research purpose is to identify and analyze the elements of the educational process related to curricular planning and pedagogical practices in the field of primary basic education, making a reflective study with a view to strengthening teaching practice and obtaining quality results. The documentary review carried out is based on the qualitative approach, hermeneutic method and content analysis of the conceptions, characteristics and detailed record of the elements that intervene in the process. The findings reveal that curricular planning is essential in the educational field, especially in primary education, where the foundations of learning and the integral development of children are laid. The teacher as an educational planner represents a primary factor in the training of the student, whose pedagogical practice, from an adequate and structured curricular planning, allows to effectively face the educational challenges of the classroom and the current educational changes, promoting critical thinking in the student and the application of acquired knowledge in the resolution of situations presented in their environment.