This article presents a descriptive review of the experiences generated from computer science in secondary school students from different countries, which are oriented to the development of skills and competencies of this science. It begins by addressing the origin of computational thinking, starting with Dr. Jeanette Wing who introduced the term and popularized it, and highlighting Professor Seymour Papert who manages to introduce the work structure based on the use of computer tools and concepts. Several qualitative and quantitative research projects are analyzed, which were based on the implementation of various methodologies such as: unplugged, connected, project-based learning (PBL), collaborative learning, Design Thinking (DT), Use-Modify-Create, all of them aimed at creatively and effectively promoting the development of algorithmic thinking, purification, decomposition, abstraction and pattern recognition: strengthening the student's computational thinking skills. The purpose of this research is to propose new didactic strategies in which the student develops, in addition to these skills, other competencies such as: problem solving and collaborative work, based on the above, the analysis of the educational programs and the modification of the curriculum in the most up-to-date secondary school that focuses on the preparation of the student competent in computational ability to perform in a world digital.